On General Education

LAW OF GEORGIA

ON GENERAL EDUCATION

Chapter I – General Provisions

Article 1 – Legislation of Georgia in the field of general education and scope of this Law

1. The legislation of Georgia in the field of general education consists of the Constitution of Georgia, the Constitutional Agreement, international agreements and treaties, this Law, and other primary and secondary legislation.

2. This Law regulates the conditions for carrying out general educational activities, the principles and procedures for managing and funding of general education; it also defines the status of all general education institutions (irrespective of their organisational and legal form), rules for their establishment, functioning, reorganisation, liquidation and authorisation, as well as the conditions and procedures for implementing teaching activities in general education institutions in Georgia.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 3530 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 47, 5.8.2010, Art. 302

Law of Georgia No 1465 of 30 March 2022 – website, 6.4.2022

Article 2 – Definition of terms

The terms used in this Law have the following meanings:

a) authorisation – the procedure for acquiring the status of a general education institution, which is intended to ensure meeting standards necessary for the implementation of appropriate activities to issue a state document certifying general education;

a¹) (deleted – 30.3.2022, No 1465);

a²) (deleted – 30.3.2022, No 1465);

b) individual work – extracurricular work of a teacher with a pupil/group of pupils for achieving the goals of the National Curriculum carried out in addition to lessons (hours) set forth by the School Curriculum;

b¹) the Code of Ethics for School Principals – a set of rules of conduct for school principals;

b²) remote teaching – the study process or a part thereof organised for the purpose of receiving general education at a general education institution and/or studying a subject/group of subjects under the National Curriculum, that is based on the information and communication technologies and is carried out in remote/electronic form or by using other means of communication, and does not require the presence of a pupil and the personnel of a general education institution simultaneously at a certain location. In order to carry out remote teaching process, it is necessary to properly plan the curriculum and use appropriate approaches and methods of organisation and carrying out of the study process;

c) disciplinary offence – violation of internal regulations of a general education institution;

d) disciplinary inquiry – a set of measures taken by a general education institution to identify a disciplinary offence committed by a pupil or a teacher;

e) disciplinary penalty – a measure of impact determined for a disciplinary offence under internal regulations of a general education institution;

e¹) (deleted – 20.9.2018, No 3439);

f) the National Curriculum – a document determining the study objectives and the results to be achieved at all levels of general education (skills, knowledge and values), the content of teaching, the distribution of teaching hours according to the subjects, the conditions for organising educational environment, the conceptual principles and administrative issues of the learning and teaching process;

g) supplemental educational services provided for by the National Curriculum – the services under the School Curriculum, rendered by public schools within the maximum number of school hours in subjects that are included in the National Curriculum;

h) supplemental educational and mentoring services not provided for by the National Curriculum – the educational and mentoring services under the National Curriculum, rendered by public schools in subjects that are not included in the Mentoring and National Curricula;

i) National Assessment System – a system applied by the State to check the compliance of pupils' achievements with the levels of achievement determined by the National Curriculum and the feasibility of achieving these levels;

j) external studies (externship) – the rules for obtaining a state document, certifying general education, by a person who has independently completed the general education programmes;

k) a school voucher – a financial instrument that is intended for financing a pupil to receive general education;

l) general education – education with the aim of educating and training the citizens of Georgia for professional and public life following general education. The study results of the basic educational level of general education comply with the generalised study results determined for Level 2 of the National Qualifications Framework, and the study results of the secondary educational level of general education/complete general education comply with the generalised study results determined for Level 4 of the National Qualifications Framework. A complete general education in Georgia comprises 12 years of schooling;

m) Document of National Goals for General Education – a document determining, under this Law, the goals of the general education system applicable in the country. The Document of National Goals for General Education is the basis for developing the National Curriculum and the basic indicators of the general education system. The Government of Georgia shall adopt the Document of National Goals for General Education upon the recommendation of the Minister of Education, Science and Youth of Georgia (‘the Minister’), and submit it to the Parliament of Georgia for approval;

n) levels of general education – a complete general education in Georgia consists of three levels: primary education (six years), basic education (three years) and secondary education (three years);

o) general education system – a combination of National and School Curricula, the general education institutions implementing these curricula, as well as the state bodies and legal entities under public law that ensure the acquisition of a general education;

p) a general education institution/school:

p.a) a legal entity under public law or an entrepreneurial or non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity under private law, authorised in the manner prescribed by the Minister that carries out general educational activities under the National Curriculum and completely covers at least one level of general education;

p.b) an institution implementing a general education programme provided for in Article 34¹ of this Law;

p¹) general education programme recognised abroad – a general education programme recognised by a foreign authorised institute, with whom the Legal Entity under Public Law (LEPL) called the National Center for Educational Quality Enhancement has concluded an agreement;

q) administrative and financial autonomy of a general education institution – a self-government of a general education institution represented by the following bodies of public schools: a Board of Trustees, an Administration, a Teacher Council, Pupil Self-government, a Disciplinary Committee, as well as an Appeals Committee, if any;

r) (deleted – 17.3.2006, No 2793);

s) (deleted – 30.3.2022, No 1465);

t) inclusive education – equally available educational process, within which the acquisition of education by all pupils is ensured taking into consideration their individual educational needs and capabilities;

u) capital expenditure – money spent to acquire capital assets, strategic and special supplies, goods, land, intangible assets, buildings and structures, machinery and equipment, devices, vehicles and other fixed assets, as well as money spent on capital repairs, construction and reconstruction;

v) a private school – a general education institution established as a legal entity under private law;

w) a class – a group of pupils of a general education institution who meet on a temporary basis for at least one academic year in accordance with the recommendations of the National Curriculum and the statute of the educational institution, and study the general educational programmes of any of the levels of general education mainly together;

w¹) a teacher – a person with professional knowledge, skills and appropriate qualifications determined by the Professional Standards for Teachers who teaches at least one subject at a general education institution; a special educational needs teacher;

w²) the Code of Professional Ethics for Teachers – a set of rules of professional conduct for teachers;

w³) the Professional Standards for Teachers – a list of professional obligations, knowledge, skills, values and qualifications which must be met by teachers of all positions determined by Article 21² of this Law;

w⁴) a beginning teacher – a person who holds at least a bachelor’s academic degree in a subject/group of subjects under the National Curriculum and/or a document certifying professional arts or sports education (in the case of a specialised teacher in arts or sports) and who is employed in a general education institution for not more than two years based on the needs of a general education institution;

w⁵) mobility of pupils in a general education institution – free movement of pupils to participate in the study process both in Georgia and abroad as provided for by the legislation of Georgia and the rules established by a general education institution, followed by recognition of education and assessments acquired during the study process;

w⁶) (deleted – 28.11.2014, No 2822);

w⁷) Teacher Professional Development and Career Advancement Scheme – a continuing professional development scheme for teachers approved by the Government of Georgia under this Law that is based on the Professional Standards for Teachers and determines the conditions for the engagement of teachers in that scheme, and the mechanisms for evaluation, professional development and career advancement of teachers;

w⁸) a pupil – a person enrolled in a general education institution as provided for by the legislation of Georgia;

w⁹) an invited teacher – a person (except for an invited foreign teacher) who teaches a subject, which is included or not included in the National Curriculum, at a general education institution without the engagement in the Teacher Professional Development and Career Advancement Scheme and whose workload is not more than 50% of the teaching hours determined by the legislation of Georgia for full workload of a teacher and who has appropriate competencies in teaching the subject and/or practical experience in working in the appropriate field;

w¹⁰) a supply teacher – a person substituting a temporarily absent teacher who holds at least a bachelor’s academic degree in a subject/group of subjects under the National Curriculum and teaches the subjects, included or not included in the National Curriculum, at a general education institution without the engagement in the Teacher Professional Development and Career Advancement Scheme if, based on the needs of the general education institution, the substitution of a temporarily absent teacher by another teacher of the same general education institution is impossible, and who meets the requirements determined for a supply teacher by the Minister;

w¹¹) an invited foreign teacher – a citizen of a foreign country, whose right to teach is recognised under the procedure established by Article 26(1)(r²) of this Law and who teaches a subject, which is included or not included in the National Curriculum, at a general education institution without the engagement in the Teacher Professional Development and Career Advancement Scheme, and who has appropriate competencies in teaching the subject and/or practical experience in working in the appropriate field;

x) Individual Curriculum – a curriculum designed by adaptation of the National Curriculum taking into consideration the special educational needs of a pupil that is a part of a School Curriculum;

x¹) the Code of Conduct for Pupils – a set of rules of conduct for pupils;

x²) alternative curriculum – a curriculum based on the main principles of the National Curriculum that is intended for pupils with severe/deep intellectual disabilities and/or multiple disabilities or multiple sensory impairments (deaf or blind) and that is a part of the National Curriculum;

x³) expanded curriculum – a curriculum that aims to enhance specific competencies of pupils with sensory impairments deriving from their educational needs and that is a part of the National Curriculum;

x⁴) specialised class – a class of pupils with homogeneous educational needs of the same age or with not more than 3 years of age difference;

x⁵) integrated class – a group of pupils of the same age or with not more than 3 years of age difference, who have homogeneous educational needs and who are enrolled in different classes;

y) a parent – a parent or a legal representative of a pupil;

y¹) a resource officer of an educational institution – a legally competent citizen of Georgia with appropriate education and with no record of convictions, who ensures safety and public order at the educational institution;

y²) (deleted – 13.6.2018, No 2523);

z) a small school – a school with a small number of pupils due to local conditions. The standards for a small school shall be determined by the Ministry of Education, Science and Youth of Georgia (‘the Ministry’);

z¹) multilingual education – education which is intended to develop and improve the language proficiency of pupils in different languages. It includes the organisation of studies in the general education system to increase efficiency of learning and use of these languages;

z²) a pupil with special educational needs – a pupil who needs additional support in the study process, has significant and prolonged difficulties in learning and/or the access to the learning environment, and/or cannot meet the minimum requirements determined by the National Curriculum, as well as a pupil who is a person with disabilities as provided for by the Law of Georgia on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, who needs additional support in the study process, has significant and prolonged difficulties in learning and/or the access to the learning environment, and/or cannot meet the minimum requirements determined by the National Curriculum;

z³) psychoeducational assessment and consultation – services provided by the Legal Entity under Public Law (LEPL) Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions, within the framework of which a person/pupil is assessed in order to determine/identify his/her special educational needs, the best form of education is selected and the consultation regarding the educational process is provided;

z⁴) (deleted – 29.11.2019, No 5406);

z⁵) a social worker – a social worker of the LEPL Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions;

z⁶) boarding school services – provision of daytime/24-hour services by a school/resource school of the relevant category determined by the Minister that includes provision of pupils with accommodation, food and supplementary programmes/services;

z⁷) a resource school:

z⁷.a) a school intended for pupils with sensory and/or severe/deep intellectual and/or multiple disabilities, or multiple sensory impairments (deaf and blind), or behavioural and emotional disorders that carries out general educational activities in accordance with the National Curriculum and provides pupils with special educational needs, their parents and teachers with appropriate programmes/services;

z⁷.b) a school that carries out general educational activities in accordance with the National Curriculum, completely covers the basic and/or secondary educational level and ensures intensive teaching of one or more subjects determined by the National Curriculum;

z⁸) transition – an effectively coordinated process tailored to the needs of a person, which implies the entry into school of a person of school age and the mobility of pupils to another school, that is carried out through the cooperation of the parties involved in the process and serves the successful inclusion of the person/pupil in the study process;

za) (deleted – 2.3.2007, No 4412);

zb) teaching activity – individual and group work of teachers with pupils during and after the lessons;

zc) a pilot project – a feasibility study of the National Curriculum Goals and the means of achieving these goals at schools;

zc¹) (deleted – 28.11.2014, No 2822);

zd) school time – the duration of the educational process determined by the School Curriculum, as well as any other event initiated, organised, controlled and financed by a school;

ze) School Curriculum – a curriculum that is based on the National Curriculum and determines for a particular general education institution intermediate educational goals, main and supplemental educational resources, workload hours, evaluation instruments, supplemental educational services under the National Curriculum, supplemental educational and mentoring services not provided for by the National Curriculum, transition activities, and school educational activities;

zf) a public school – a general education institution established as a legal entity under public law;

zf¹) (deleted – 28.11.2014, No 2822);

zf²) (deleted – 28.11.2014, No 2822);

zg) Administration – a school principal, his/her deputy/deputies and an accounting department;

zg¹) Teacher Council – a self-government body of school teachers;

zg²) Board of Trustees – the highest elective body of the school self-government;

zg³) non-intrusive examination – examination of a pupil with a hand held metal detector, without any physical contact, by a resource officer of an educational institution of the same sex or, in his/her absence, by a person of the same sex appropriately authorised by the school principal, and/or examination of an item with a hand held metal detector;

zg⁴) sufficient grounds to believe – a fact and/or information that would be sufficient for an objective observer to make a conclusion with due consideration of circumstances;

zg⁵) a remote teacher training course – the training course or part of it approved by the Minister that may be completed remotely by a person. Such training course shall be organised by the Legal Entity under Public Law the National Center for Teacher Professional Development and/or a higher education institution;

zg⁶) a Specialised Commission – a specialised commission established by the Ministry of Culture and Sport of Georgia, comprising the experts, specialists and the persons determined by the Ministry of Culture and Sport of Georgia that shall, in accordance with the procedure established by the Minister of Culture and Sport of Georgia, prepare a textbook/series on the basis of the cultural property of national importance or the intangible cultural property included in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity and submit it for sealing. The Commission shall also have the right to determine the compliance of the alternative textbooks/series, prepared on the basis of the cultural property of national importance or the intangible cultural property included in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, with the above-mentioned cultural property.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 4530 of 28 March 2007 – LHG I, No 15, 23.4.2007, Art. 119

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 2940 of 20 April 2010 – LHG I, No 23, 4.5.2010, Art. 122

Law of Georgia No 3292 of 2 July 2010 – LHG I, No 37, 14.7.2010, Art. 223

Law of Georgia No 3544 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 46, 4.8.2010, Art. 291

Law of Georgia No 3530 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 47, 5.8.2010, Art. 302

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Law of Georgia No 4204 of 22 February 2011 – website, 10.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 4321 of 9 March 2011 – website, 22.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 4322 of 9 March 2011 – website, 22.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 5513 of 20 December 2011 – website, 28.12.2011

Law of Georgia No 5666 of 28 December 2011 – website, 12.1.2012

Law of Georgia No 173 of 27 December 2012 – website, 8.1.2013

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 2523 of 13 June 2018 – website, 29.6.2018

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 2753 of 29 June 2018 – website, 19.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 3243 of 20 July 2018 – website, 10.8.2018

Law of Georgia No 3439 of 20 September 2018 – website, 5.10.2018

Law of Georgia No 3443 of 20 September 2018 – website, 9.10.2018

Law of Georgia No 4524 of 19 April 2019 – website, 24.4.2019

Law of Georgia No 5406 of 29 November 2019 – website, 10.12.2019

Law of Georgia No 6286 of 12 June 2020 – website, 15.6.2020

Law of Georgia No 6829 of 14 July 2020 – website, 28.7.2020

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 1353 of 1 February 2022 – website, 8.2.2022

Law of Georgia No 1465 of 30 March 2022 – website, 6.4.2022

Law of Georgia No 2250 of 1 December 2022 – website, 14.12.2022

Law of Georgia No 3663 of 15 November 2023 – website, 5.12.2023

Law of Georgia No 3825 of 30 November 2023 – website, 15.12.2023

Law of Georgia No 3959 of 15 December 2023 – website, 25.12.2023

Article 3 – Basic goals of the state policy in the field of general education

1. Basic goals of the state policy in the field of general education are to:

a) create conditions for developing pupils into free persons with national and universal human values;

b) develop intellectual and physical skills of pupils, provide them with necessary knowledge, establish healthy lifestyles, form civil awareness based on liberal and democratic values, ensure respect for cultural values by the pupils and facilitate understanding of rights and obligations before their family, society, state and community.

2. In order to achieve the goals determined by paragraph 1 of this article the state shall ensure:

a) openness of and equal access to lifelong general education for all persons;

b) inclusion of the general education system of Georgia in the international education system;

c) freedom of public schools from religious and political associations and freedom of private schools from political associations;

d) establishment of the national assessment and the National Curriculum development and implementation systems that includes planning and management of the general education process by identifying and evaluating the quality of study;

e) implementation of the process of authorisation of general education institutions and facilitation of the continuous development of the quality of general education;

f) administrative and financial autonomy of general education institutions;

g) prevention of violence at general education institutions;

h) introduction of inclusive education;

i) regulation of the profession of teachers.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 3530 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 47, 5.8.2010, Art. 302

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Law of Georgia No 1465 of 30 March 2022 – website, 6.4.2022

Article 4 – Language of instruction

1. The language of instruction in general education institutions shall be Georgian, while in the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia - Georgian or Abkhazian.

2. If the language of instruction in general education institutions in the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia is one of the official languages, teaching of the second official language shall be mandatory.

3. The citizens of Georgia, whose native language is not Georgian, shall have the right to acquire a complete general education in their native language in accordance with the National Curriculum, as provided for by the legislation. Teaching of the official language in such general education institution and both official languages in the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia shall be mandatory.

4. In the cases determined by the international agreements and treaties of Georgia a foreign language may be the language of instruction in general education institutions. Teaching of the official language in such general education institutions and both official languages in the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia shall be mandatory.

4¹. Teaching in a foreign language shall be allowed at general education institutions provided for in Article 2(p.b) of this Law in agreement with the Ministry. In such a case, teaching of the official language – Georgian language, and in the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia – of Abkhazian language as well, shall be mandatory.

5. Georgian sign language shall be used as a language of instruction and the bilingual teaching principles shall be used with pupils with hearing impairments at general education institutions, if necessary. It is mandatory to use Georgian sign language and/or bilingual teaching principles at general education institutions, where only pupils with hearing impairments are educated.

6. The Braille system and/or appropriate auxiliary technologies shall be used with pupils with visual impairments at general education institutions, if necessary. It is mandatory to use the Braille system and/or appropriate auxiliary technologies at general education institutions, where only pupils with visual impairments are educated.

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 2753 of 29 June 2018 – website, 19.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 5 – National Curriculum

1. In order to achieve the objectives determined by Article 3 of this Law, the State shall develop the National Curriculum which defines the learning and teaching objectives, the knowledge to be acquired in each subject and the educational principles, on which the learning and teaching methodology and the assessment system shall be based, as well as the necessary subject groups, teaching hours per subject, their distribution and required study load, the conditions and recommendations for organising educational environment according to general educational levels.

1¹. If necessary, a general education institution shall develop an individual curriculum on the basis of the National Curriculum for the pupils with special educational needs.

1². In the process of teaching of pupils with severe/deep intellectual and/or multiple disabilities or multiple sensory impairments (deaf or blind), a general education institution shall be guided by the respective parts of the National Curriculum, including an alternative curriculum and/or an expanded curriculum, including a sensory curriculum and/or a catch-up and accelerated learning curriculum, on the basis of the conclusion of psychoeducational assessment.

1³. In order to enhance specific competences of pupils with sensory impairments, if necessary, a general education institution shall also use an expanded curriculum determined by the National Curriculum.

2. (Deleted – 29.6.2018, No 2753).

3. The National Curriculum shall include the following subject groups:

a) official language;

b) mathematics;

c) foreign languages;

d) social studies;

e) sciences;

f) technologies;

g) aesthetic education;

h) sports.

4. The language of instruction for subject groups, provided for by paragraph 3(a) and (d) of this article, shall be Georgian in such general education institutions where teaching is carried out in accordance with Article 4(3) of this Law , while in the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia - Georgian and/or Abkhazian.

5. Compliance with the National Curriculum shall be mandatory for all general education institutions and for the educational institutions carrying out secondary vocational education programmes, in which the study results of the secondary educational level of general education are integrated.

6. Teaching of subjects determined by the National and School Curricula must be academic, impartial and non-discriminatory.

7. The National Curriculum may provide for a modified national curriculum, and/or for a possibility to modify the National Curriculum:

(a) according to the types of general education institutions provided for in Article 31¹ of this Law;

(b) for the purpose of integration of the study results of secondary educational level of general education in the secondary vocational education programme.

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 2753 of 29 June 2018 – website, 19.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 3443 of 20 September 2018 – website, 9.10.2018

Law of Georgia No 3663 of 15 November 2023 – website, 5.12.2023

Article 6 – General education

1. Acquisition of complete general education shall imply:

(a) completing secondary educational level of general education, on the basis of which a document certifying complete general education shall be issued;

(b) completing secondary vocational education programme, in which the study results of the secondary educational level of general education are integrated, and certifying the above according to the procedure established by the Ministry, on the basis of which a diploma, a document certifying a secondary vocational education, shall be issued that is equal to the document certifying complete general education.

1¹. (Deleted – 8.4.2019, No 4495)

1². A template of a state document certifying general education and the procedure for certifying the study results of the secondary educational level of general education achieved by vocational students under the secondary vocational education programme, in which the study results of the secondary educational level of general education are integrated, shall be approved by the Ministry.

2. An expedited completion of the general education programme may be permissible only in exceptional cases, taking into consideration the individual capabilities of pupils, according to the procedure established by the Ministry.

3. If requested by a pupil or his/her parent, a general education institution shall be obliged to issue a certificate of completion of studies by the pupil according to the form designed by the Ministry.

4. Pupils shall not be left beyond the general education system until achieving a basic educational level.

5. Persons holding certificates of completion of any educational level shall be entitled to embark on the next level of study throughout the territory of Georgia.

5¹. A person with special educational needs, who has no educational background or has missed class/classes for certain reasons, shall have the right to be admitted to school, without external studies, at primary or basic educational level, in a class appropriate to his/her age, or at a maximum of three classes below, on the basis of the conclusion of psychoeducational assessment. A person with special educational needs, who is over the age of 18, shall be admitted to school in an appropriate class at basic educational level determined by the conclusion of psychoeducational assessment.

5². In order for a person with special educational needs to continue studies at a public school, he/she shall be admitted to a resource school determined by Article 2(z⁷.a) of this Law and re-assessed on the basis of the conclusion of psychoeducational assessment and the consent of his/her parent/legal representative.

6. A person shall be admitted to a primary educational level of general education at the age of 6, which a person has attained inclusive of the date of beginning of an academic year as provided for in Article 7¹(1) of this Law. In addition, a person who attains the age of 6 during the period from the day following the date of beginning of an academic year to 1 November, shall have the right to be admitted to a primary educational level of general education voluntarily, upon the decision of his/her parent.

[ 6. A person shall be admitted to a primary educational level of general education at the age of 6, which a person has attained inclusive of the date of beginning of an academic year as provided for in Article 7 ¹ (1) of this Law. In addition, a person who attains the age of 6 during the period from the day following the date of beginning of an academic year to 31 December inclusive, shall have the right to be admitted to a primary educational level of general education voluntarily, upon the decision of his/her parent. (Shall become effective from 1 January 2025) ]

6 ​ ¹ . A general education programme/programmes carried out in a foreign language at the primary, basic and secondary levels of general education (including in the cases provided for by Article 4(4) and (4¹) of this Law) may consist of the number of academic years different from those determined by Article 2(n) of this Law for the primary, basic and secondary levels of general education, provided that the total number of years of teaching the general education programme/programmes, carried out in a foreign language at the primary, basic and secondary levels of general education (including in the cases provided for by Article 4(4) and (4¹) of this Law), shall not be more or less than 12 years.

7. (Deleted – 21.7.2010, No 3530).

Law of Georgia No 4530 of 28 March 2007 – LHG I, No 15, 23.4.2007, Art. 119

Law of Georgia No 3442 of 16 July 2010 – LHG I, No 44, 28.7.2010, Art. 273

Law of Georgia No 3530 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 47, 5.8.2010, Art. 302

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Law of Georgia No 4321 of 9 March 2011 – website, 22.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 2210 of 4 April 2014 – website, 14.4.2014

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 2753 of 29 June 2018 – website, 19.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 3443 of 20 September 2018 – website, 9.10.2018

Law of Georgia No 4495 of 8 April 2019 – website, 11.4.2019

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 1465 of 30 March 2022 – website, 6.4.2022

Law of Georgia No 1513 of 14 April 2022 – website, 19.4.2022

Law of Georgia No 2854 of 3 May 2023 – website, 11.5.2023

Law of Georgia No 3663 of 15 November 2023 – website, 5.12.2023

Law of Georgia No 3959 of 15 December 2023 – website, 25.12.2023

Article 6¹ – Remote teaching

1. Remote teaching shall imply carrying out of the study process in remote/electronic form or by using other means of communication.

2. Remote teaching is carried out in a form of synchronous or asynchronous communication. Synchronous communication means real-time interaction between a sender and a receiver of information, and asynchronous communication means the interaction between a sender and a receiver of information that does not take place in real time.

3. Remote teaching programme is designed for a general education programme, and/or for a subject/group of subjects under the National Curriculum according to the requirements established by the legislation of Georgia.

4. A decision on permitting remote teaching at general education institutions of Georgia and on the period of remote teaching, as well as a decision on the general education institutions that should provide general education through remote teaching, shall be made by the Minister by an individual administrative act.

5. The procedure and conditions of carrying out the study process and assessing the achieved results remotely at general education institutions of Georgia shall be approved by the Minister.

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 6286 of 12 June 2020 – website, 15.6.2020

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 7 – Access to general education

1. The State shall ensure the right of each pupil (including pupils with special educational needs) to acquire general education in the official, or in his/her native, language, as close to his/her place of residence as possible.

2. If the right determined by paragraph 1 of this article cannot be exercised through a standard school voucher, the State shall provide such pupils with increased vouchers and/or additional funding within an appropriate targeted programme approved by the Ministry.

3. Through increased vouchers and additional funding the Ministry shall ensure:

a) openness of and equal access to lifelong general education for everyone in public schools;

b) introduction of inclusive and multilingual education in public schools;

c) improvement of logistics, software and human resources in public schools;

d) an appropriate remuneration for labour of public school teachers, administration and support staff;

e) a healthy environment in public schools;

f) a smooth study process in public schools, especially in public schools where more than one administrative facility, used in the study process, is on balance as a result of the reorganisation, as well as in public schools located in villages/townships and highland regions, and in multi-sector public schools.

4. The State shall ensure acquisition of a general education at penitentiary institutions as provided for by the Penitentiary Code of Georgia.

Law of Georgia No 4129 of 27 December 2006 – LHG I, No 49, 29.12.2006, Art. 372

Law of Georgia No 2725 of 9 March 2010 – LHG I, No 12, 24.3.2010, Art. 61

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 3996 of 15 December 2023 – website,26.12.2023

Article 7¹ – Start of academic year at general education institutions of Georgia

1. The academic year at all general education institutions of Georgia shall start on 15 September. If 15 September falls on a holiday or a day off, studies shall begin on the first following business day.

2. For all, or a specific general education institution, the academic year start date different from the one provided for under paragraph 1 of this article may be defined by an individual administrative act of the Minister:

a) when implementing a pilot programme at a public school under this Law;

b) in an emergency situation provided for by the Law of Georgia on Public Safety; also when performing rehabilitation works of a general education institution(s);

c) upon a substantiated request of a private school.

Law of Georgia No 5420 of 10 June 2016 – website, 17.6.2016

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Chapter II – Basic Rights and Obligations of Pupils, Parents and Teachers

Article 8 – Basic guarantees

1. Pupils, parents, teachers and their associations shall have the right to enjoy all rights and freedoms protected by this Chapter and recognised by the school, as well as all school resources on equal terms, without discrimination and in the prescribed manner during school hours or on school grounds.

2. Schools shall be entitled to restrict rights and obligations of unauthorised persons on a non-discriminatory basis during school hours or on school grounds.

3. Schools may determine the rules of non-discriminatory and neutral restriction for the rights and obligations of pupils, parents and teachers and their associations during school hours and on school grounds in order to observe this Law, and if there is a reasonable and inevitable danger to:

a) health, life and property safety;

b) promotion of drugs, alcohol or tobacco consumption or other illegal acts;

c) spreading of obscenity or slander, ethnic or religious discords, incitement to crime or violence;

d) obstruction to ongoing study process, school activities or free movement on school grounds.

4. Any restriction of the rights and freedoms of pupils, parents and teachers must be reasonable, proportional, and minimal and must be applied through an appropriate and fair procedure only in a prescribed manner and in full compliance with the Code of Professional Ethics for Teachers.

5. The rights and freedoms of pupils, parents and teachers shall not be restricted in a way that is in essence equivalent to their annulment. Any restriction or regulation may include such neutral restrictions of the place, time and form of exercising their rights and freedoms that do not impact on the content or expressive effect of the information or ideas, and leave possibility for the application of effective alternative ways to exercise these rights and freedoms.

6. Rights and freedoms of pupils, parents and teachers recognised by this Law shall be supposed to be legitimate in the course of their enjoyment. If disputes arise in this regard, the burden of proof of unlawfulness of exercising these rights and freedoms shall lie on the initiator of the restriction.

7. Schools shall not finance events that contradict the purposes of this Law.

8. This Law shall not deny internationally recognised human rights and freedoms that are not specified in this Law but that are derived from the legislation of Georgia.

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Article 9 – Right to acquire general education

1. Everyone shall enjoy equal rights to acquire a complete general education in order to fully develop his/her personality and acquire knowledge and skills necessary for equal opportunities to be successful in private and social life. Acquisition of a primary and basic education shall be mandatory.

2. The State shall establish a general education system and provide proper social and economic conditions in order to ensure acquisition of a general education.

3. An alternative curriculum, an individual curriculum and/or an expanded curriculum, developed on the basis of the National Curriculum, shall be used for pupils with special educational needs whose education, social adaptation and integration in social life shall be ensured under those curricula. Pupils with special educational needs studying at a public school shall be provided with appropriate human resources and programmes/services, if necessary, which shall be financed by the State.

4. General education may be acquired through external studies. An external student shall have the right to acquire a document certifying complete general education, if he/she achieves the achievement level determined by the National Curriculum through external studies.

4¹. The Ministry shall establish the procedure and conditions for acquiring general education through external studies. The Ministry shall be authorised to determine the other time frames than prescribed by the General Administrative Code of Georgia for the submission and review of administrative claims regarding the acquisition of general education through external studies.

5. General education may be acquired in alternative ways, according to the procedure established by the Ministry, taking into consideration the age peculiarities and labour and family conditions of pupils.

6. The State shall protect freedom of educational choice for pupils and parents. Freedom of educational choice for parents shall not imply:

a) the right to avoid mandatory education;

b) education that prevents the achievement of the objectives of this Law.

6¹. In order to receive general education an agreement shall be concluded between the parent/appropriately authorised person of a legally incapable person/person with limited legal capacity and a school; in the case of a legally competent person, such agreement shall be concluded between a legally competent person and a school.

7. Schools shall be obliged to take all reasonable measures to ensure a fair assessment of a pupil’s knowledge. Academic assessment of pupils based on their disciplinary records shall not be allowed.

8. Pupils shall have the right to be protected from improper treatment, neglect and abuse.

9. Schools shall be obliged to ensure safe environment for health, life and property on school grounds and/or adjacent areas during school time and to observe the rules and conditions of ensuring safety and public order at general education institutions determined by Article 26(1)(zg ​ ¹¹ ) of this Law. For this purpose, a private school shall be authorised to conclude an agreement with the LEPL Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions on ensuring safety and public order and/or on providing psychological and social services. Services provided to public schools by the LEPL Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions shall be financed from the State Budget of Georgia.

10. Schools shall be obliged to take all reasonable measures to observe and prevent violation of the rights and freedoms of pupils, parents and teachers during the school hours, as well as on school grounds or adjacent areas.

11. Pupils expelled from a school shall have the right to continue their studies in another school.

12. Pupils shall have the right to move from one school to another school on the same general educational level according to the procedure established by the Ministry.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 4129 of 27 December 2006 – LHG I, No 49, 29.12.2006, Art. 372

Law of Georgia No 3530 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 47, 5.8.2010, Art. 302

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Law of Georgia No 4204 of 22 February 2011 – website, 10.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 4321 of 9 March 2011 – website, 22.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 2523 of 13 June 2018 – website, 29.6.2018

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 2753 of 29 June 2018 – website, 19.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 4495 of 8 April 2019 – website, 11.4.2019

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 3663 of 15 November 2023 – website, 5.12.2023

Article 10 – Right to awareness of own rights and freedoms

1. Pupils, parents and teachers shall have the right to be aware of their rights and freedoms, as well as the grounds for limitation of these rights and freedoms.

2. Schools shall be obliged to inform new pupils, parents and teachers about their rights and freedoms.

3. If the rights and freedoms of pupils, parents and teachers are restricted, schools shall be obliged to explain the grounds for such limitation within reasonable time frames.

4. The information determined by this Article shall be provided to pupils by available means of communication, based on their age and individual capabilities.

Law of Georgia No 5018 of 20 September 2019 – website, 27.9.2019

Law of Georgia No 5918 of 21 May 2020 – website, 25.5.2020

Article 11 – Right to participate in school governance

1. Pupils, parents and teachers shall have the right to participate in school governance personally or through an elected representative.

2. Pupils, parents and teachers shall have the right to obtain any information from the school except for information containing personal data.

3. Pupils, parents and teachers shall have the right to require and have the possibility to express their opinions and participate personally or through representatives in resolving issues related to them that are under consideration by the school.

4. No action shall be taken against the pupils without observing their genuine interest.

Law of Georgia No 6328 of 25 May 2012 – website, 12.6.2012

Article 12 – Right to appeal

1. In order to protect their rights and freedoms, pupils, parents and teachers shall have the right to appeal unlawful and other wrongful acts of a teacher, school and a resource officer of an educational institution, as well as to receive full compensation for any inflicted damage.

2. Schools shall be obliged to establish an effective mechanism for independent and impartial review of appeals.

2¹. A LEPL Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions shall be obliged to establish an effective mechanism for impartial review of appeals.

3. Labour disputes arising between a public school principal and the school staff, the Board of Trustees and the school principal, as well as the public school principal and the Ministry shall be adjudicated by courts as civil disputes through civil proceedings.

4. (Deleted – 20.3.2013, No 348).

5. The Ministry or an employee of an appropriate territorial body within the Ministry shall be a representative of a public school in court during civil and administrative proceedings on the basis of a power of attorney of the school principal, while in the territories of the Autonomous Republics of Ajara and Abkhazia such representative shall be an employee of an appropriate Ministry in the field of education or of the Ministry.

Law of Georgia No 790 of 19 December 2008 – LHG I, No 40, 29.12.2008, Art. 257

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 3442 of 16 July 2010 – LHG I, No 44, 28.7.2010, Art. 273

Law of Georgia No 4322 of 9 March 2011 – website, 22.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 5511 of 20 December 2011 – website, 28.12.2011

Law of Georgia No 348 of 20 March 2013 – website, 28.3.2013

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 2523 of 13 June 2018 – website, 29.6.2018

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 13 – Neutrality and non-discrimination

1. Politicisation of the study process in general education institutions shall be inadmissible.

2. The use of the study process in general education institutions for the purpose of religious indoctrination, proselytism or forced assimilation shall be inadmissible. This rule shall not restrict the celebration of public holidays and historical dates in public schools, as well as the organisation of such events that are intended to establish national and universal values.

3. Any discrimination on admission to a school shall be inadmissible. This rule shall not exclude the possibility of holding a competitive selection in general education institutions that carry out military, specialised arts and sports trainings, as well as in schools with other status. Special educational needs of a person must be considered in a competitive selection.

4. It shall be inadmissible for schools to use their powers and resources in a way to directly or indirectly discriminate against pupils, parents, teachers or their associations.

5. Any differentiating act or an exception shall be considered as discrimination, except for the cases where such act or exception is fair and reasonable and ensures free development of and equal opportunities for each person and group.

6. Schools shall observe and facilitate tolerance and mutual respect among pupils, parents and teachers irrespective of their social, ethnic, religious, linguistic and world-view affiliations.

7. Schools shall protect individual and collective rights of minorities to freely use their native language, preserve and manifest their cultural affiliation on the basis of equality.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 3068 of 4 May 2010 – LHG I, No 27, 24.5.2010, Art. 187

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Article 14 – Freedom of expression

1. Pupils, parents and teachers shall have the right to inquire, obtain, produce, store, process or disseminate any information and opinions during school time or on school grounds in the manner prescribed by law, as well as to use school resources in inquiring, obtaining, producing, storing, processing or disseminating any information and opinions, considering the restrictions determined by the legislation of Georgia, including by this Law.

2. Pupils shall have the right to express their opinions and require respect for these opinions.

3. Violation of editorial independence of school editions and censorship of school library books shall be inadmissible. This rule shall not prevent schools from imposing non-discriminatory and neutral restrictions in order to protect minors from adverse influence of the literature inappropriate for their age.

4. Pupils, parents and teachers shall have the right to attract voluntary donations for charitable purposes in a prescribed manner. Schools shall take all reasonable measures to prevent extortion of financial means or other goods.

5. Pupils and teachers shall have academic freedom in learning, teaching and research within limits, unless it contradicts achievement of the objectives set by the National Curriculum.

6. Schools shall have the right to introduce a school uniform, unless it limits the freedom of expression of pupils and teachers. Pupils and teachers shall have the right to a substantiated refusal to wear school uniforms.

7. While introducing school uniforms, schools must take into consideration the financial condition of the pupils and provide the uniforms for those pupils who cannot afford to purchase them.

Article 15 – Freedom of assembly

1. Upon prior notification, pupils, parents and teachers shall have the right to freedom of assembly on school grounds in the manner prescribed by law.

2. Schools shall be prohibited from leading or controlling the ongoing assembly of pupils, parents and teachers against their will. Schools shall be entitled to attend an assembly of pupils, parents and teachers if necessary.

3. An outsider shall have the right to attend an assembly of pupils only upon invitation, except as provided for by the legislation of Georgia, which is related to ensuring safety on school grounds.

Law of Georgia No 4530 of 28 March 2007 – LHG I, No 15, 23.4.2007, Art. 119

Article 16 – Freedom of association

1. Pupils, parents and teachers shall have the right to freedom of association in the manner prescribed by law.

2. Schools shall not interfere with the activities of an association of pupils, parents and teachers, except as provided for by law.

3. An outsider shall not be allowed to lead or control an association of pupils.

Article 17 – Right to privacy

1. Pupils, parents and teachers shall have the right to privacy. They shall not be required to disclose information on their private lives.

2. In collecting and storing personal data of pupils, parents and teachers, schools shall be obliged to observe the requirements of this Law and the General Administrative Code of Georgia.

3. Information on the academic performance of pupils shall be stored separately from their disciplinary records.

4. Schools shall be entitled to require pupils and teachers to undergo medical examination on diseases, alcohol and drugs. Schools shall be obliged to ensure access to appropriate medical examinations.

5. The right to privacy and personal communication of pupils and teachers, as well as the inviolable right to a school-owned property transferred to the pupil and teacher for personal use shall not be arbitrarily restricted.

Article 18 – Freedom of belief

1. Pupils, parents and teachers shall have the right to freedom of belief, confession and conscience, as well as to a voluntary choice and change of any or no belief or world-view, in the manner prescribed by law.

2. It shall be inadmissible to impose such obligations upon pupils, parents and teachers that fundamentally contradict their belief, confession and conscience, unless it violates the rights of others or prevents achievement of the educational level determined by the National Curriculum.

3. Placement of religious symbols on school grounds shall not be used for non-academic purposes.

4. The pupils of public school shall have the right to study religion or conduct religious rituals outside of school time, if it serves the purposes of acquiring religious education.

Article 19 – Discipline

1. School discipline shall be protected by methods that are based on respecting the freedom and dignity of pupils and teachers.

2. The requirements, disciplinary inquiry and penalty determined by internal regulations of a school must be reasonable, justified and proportional.

3. In addition to the liabilities determined by the legislation of Georgia, the internal regulations of a school may include a warning, a strict warning for pupils, barring pupils from lessons, a temporal suspension from school, imposing an activity useful for the school and other disciplinary penalties. If a pupil is temporarily suspended from school, his/her parent shall be immediately notified. Schools shall be obliged to keep pupils, barred from lessons or temporarily expelled from school, under their curatorship.

4. Disciplinary inquiry may be carried out through proper and lawful procedures only in cases and in a manner determined by internal regulations of a school.

5. In the case of disciplinary inquiry a school shall be obliged to explain to a pupil or a teacher the essence of the disciplinary offence committed by him/her.

6. If a disciplinary penalty is imposed on, or disciplinary inquiry is commenced against, a pupil, his/her parent must be immediately notified. A pupil shall be entitled to appear together with his/her parent when resolving the issue related to him/her.

7. Schools shall be obliged to take measures to prevent significant lags of pupils in the study process due to disciplinary penalties.

8. A severe or any other disciplinary penalty humiliating the honour and dignity of a person shall not be applied.

9. (Deleted – 13.6.2018, No 2523).

10. Pupils or teachers shall not be subject to disciplinary inquiry for actions performed outside of school time or school grounds.

11. Pupils and teachers shall have the right to silence during a disciplinary inquiry. The right to silence shall not exempt pupils and teachers from disciplinary liability.

12. A teacher shall be entitled to make a decision to bar a pupil from lessons, a school principal shall be entitled to make a decision to suspend a pupil for up to 5 school days, and a Disciplinary Committee shall be entitled to make a decision, by secret ballot, to suspend a pupil for 5-10 school days or to expel a pupil from school.

12¹. Pupils may not be expelled from school at primary and basic educational levels.

12². When charging pupils to perform useful work for school, the following shall be determined: the content of and the procedure and conditions for performing the useful work; the place of performing the useful work within the school grounds; the duration of the useful work which must not exceed 1 hour a day for pupils at the primary educational level, 2 hours a day for the pupils at the basic educational level and 3 hours a day for the pupils at the secondary educational level; and a person authorised to supervise performance of the useful work for the school by a pupil. Pupils may be charged to perform useful work for school with the consent of their parents. The damage incurred during the performance of useful work for school by pupils shall be compensated under the legislation of Georgia. In this case the burden of proof shall rest with the school administration.

13. Before communicating with a pupil during school time and on school grounds in urgent cases, except as provided for by law, a police officer or other civil servant shall be obliged to notify the school regarding the purpose of communication and the circumstances of the case, and contact the pupil through the school. The school shall be obliged to explain to the pupil his/her rights and immediately inform his/her parent in this regard, unless the rights of the pupil are violated by his/her parent.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 3442 of 16 July 2010 – LHG I, No 44, 28.7.2010, Art. 273

Law of Georgia No 3544 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 46, 4.8.2010, Art. 291

Law of Georgia No 173 of 27 December 2012 – website, 8.1.2013

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 2523 of 13 June 2018 – website, 29.6.2018

Article 20 – Inadmissibility of violence, observance of safety and public order

1. Violence against a pupil or any other person at school shall be inadmissible. In the case of physical and/or verbal abuse, a school shall be obliged to immediately respond adequately as provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

2. In order to ensure safety and public order at school, pupils are obliged to follow lawful instructions of a resource officer of an educational institution or, in his/her absence, of a person appropriately authorised by a school principal. A resource officer of an educational institution or, in his/her absence, a person appropriately authorised by a school principal shall be obliged to inform the parent and the school principal of the alleged offence/disciplinary offence committed by a pupil and of the response measures taken against him/her. If a pupil commits an alleged offence, a resource officer of an educational institution shall be obliged to inform the law enforcement bodies in this regards.

3. In order to ensure safety and public order at schools a non-intrusive examination may be carried out, the purpose of which is the identification by a resource officer of an educational institution or, in his/her absence, by a person appropriately authorised by a school principal of an item prohibited by the legislation of Georgia, an instrument of an alleged offence/disciplinary offence committed by a pupil, an item that has traces of an alleged offence/disciplinary offence, an item or valuable possessions acquired as a result of an alleged offence/disciplinary offence, as well as an item and a document necessary for determining the circumstances of an alleged offence/disciplinary offence.

4. A non-intrusive examination may be carried out only if the circumstances indicate an alleged violation of the internal regulations of the school and/or an alleged commission of an offence by a pupil, and there are sufficient grounds to believe that a disciplinary offence envisaged by the internal regulations of the school and/or an alleged offence may be revealed as a result of the non-intrusive examination.

5. A non-intrusive examination shall be carried out upon the initiative of a resource officer of an educational institution and/or the school personnel.

6. A non-intrusive examination shall be carried out by a resource officer of an educational institution of the same sex or by a person of the same sex appropriately authorised by a school principal. Derogation from this paragraph is allowed only in the absence of a person of the same sex as a pupil at the school.

7. A non-intrusive examination shall be also attended by the school personnel. It is inadmissible to carry out a collective non-intrusive examination. A resource officer of an educational institution/a person appropriately authorised by a school principal shall be obliged to immediately notify the parent of a pupil of carrying out a non-intrusive examination of the pupil.

8. Before carrying out a non-intrusive examination, a resource officer of an educational institution or a person appropriately authorised by a school principal must warn a pupil about carrying out the non-intrusive examination. If the pupil presents or the resource officer of an educational institution/the person appropriately authorised by a school principal identifies an allegedly illegal item/object, the response to the possession of which by a pupil falls under the competence of law enforcement bodies under the legislation of Georgia, the law enforcement bodies shall be immediately notified thereof. The resource officer of an educational institution/the person appropriately authorised by a school principal shall hand over the identified item/object either to the parent of the pupil or to the law enforcement bodies, depending on the nature of the item/object.

9. Considering the best interests of a pupil/pupils, it is allowed to isolate a pupil/pupils in physically and emotionally safe environment in the presence of a person appropriately authorised by a school principal if an act of a pupil/pupils puts the life and/or health of a person in danger, or if a pupil refuses a non-intrusive examination to be carried out and it is otherwise impossible to identify the item determined by paragraph 3 of this article, or if a pupil refuses to hand over the item determined by paragraph 3 of this article, which has been identified as a result of the non-intrusive examination, to a resource officer of an educational institution/a person appropriately authorised by a school principal.

10. A person authorised by a school principal, determined by paragraph 9 of this article, shall be trained in accordance with the procedures approved by the Ministry.

11. In the case determined by paragraph 9 of this article, a pupil/pupils may be involved in various school activities under the supervision of a teacher/school personnel and/or a resource officer of an educational institution. The measures to be carried out by a school, a resource officer of an educational institution, and a psychologist and/or a social worker, if necessary, from the moment of isolation of a pupil/pupils, shall serve the purpose of ensuring safety of a pupil/pupils, reducing risks and managing the behaviour of a pupil/pupils.

12. A parent of a pupil shall be immediately notified of the isolation of the pupil, and a law enforcement body shall be immediately notified of the commission of an alleged offence by a pupil.

13. A pupil/pupils shall be isolated, in order to achieve the goals determined by paragraph 11 of this article, before the appearance of a parent of a pupil or a person authorised by a parent of a pupil at the school.

14. A resource officer of an educational institution or, in his/her absence, a person appropriately authorised by a school principal shall have the right to isolate a pupil.

15. In the case of a non-intrusive examination/isolation of a pupil, a resource officer of an educational institution/a person appropriately authorised by a school principal shall explain to the pupil, in the language that he/she understands, the circumstances on the basis of which the non-intrusive examination/isolation of the pupil is carried out. The resource officer of an educational institution/the person appropriately authorised by a school principal shall draw up a protocol on the non-intrusive examination/isolation of the pupil. The protocol shall indicate, in addition to other information, the circumstances, purpose, location and conditions of the non-intrusive examination/isolation of the pupil as well as the persons who attended and participated in it.

16. Safety and public order shall be ensured on school grounds during school time in accordance with the rules and conditions of ensuring safety and public order at general education institutions. Those rules and conditions shall regulate the following:

a) actions to be taken by a school, a resource officer of an educational institution and other persons in order to ensure safety and public order on school grounds during school time;

b) procedures for the equipment of a school with a video surveillance system and for its administration;

c) procedures for keeping an electronic database of violations identified at a school;

d) procedures for carrying out a non-intrusive examination;

e) procedures for isolation of a pupil and actions to be taken by a school, a resource officer of an educational institution and/or a psychologist after the isolation;

f) the form and procedures of drawing up a protocol of the non-intrusive examination, the isolation of pupils and the use of physical force by a resource officer of an educational institution;

g) procedures for giving recommendations to schools on safety issues by the LEPL Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions and the procedures for giving feedback on the actions taken by the schools in relation to such recommendations;

h) ethics of a resource officer of an educational institution;

i) procedures for using a hand held metal detector by a resource officer of an educational institution;

j) procedures for appointing and rotating resource officers of educational institutions among schools;

k) procedures for selecting candidates for the resource officers of educational institutions;

l) other issues of ensuring safety and public order on school grounds during school time.

17. In order to ensure safety of a person and to protect minors from adverse influence, video surveillance shall be carried out along inner and outer perimeters of the school.

18. In order to ensure public order and safety on school grounds, law enforcement bodies shall take actions under the legislation of Georgia.

Law of Georgia No 4530 of 28 March 2007 – LHG I, No 15, 23.4.2007, Art. 119

Law of Georgia No 2523 of 13 June 2018 – website, 29.6.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 20¹ – Obligation of a teacher to communicate information

A teacher shall communicate information on a fact of alleged commission of violence against women and/or domestic violence to an appropriate authorised person defined by the school principal if there is a danger of repeated violence.

Law of Georgia No 773 of 4 May 2017 – website, 25.5.2017

Article 21 – Other rights and obligations of teachers

1. A teacher of a general education institution shall have the right to:

a) require the institution to provide necessary conditions for work;

b) receive remuneration according to the rules determined by the Ministry;

c) upgrade qualifications for which once in 6 years he/she is entitled to enjoy unpaid leave for up to 1 year, while preserving his/her workplace;

d) exercise other rights determined by the legislation of Georgia.

1¹. A teacher shall be obliged to:

a) provide pupils with a good quality education;

a¹) take into consideration the educational needs of pupils with special educational needs in the learning and teaching process;

a²) facilitate the effective transition of a person/pupil, and prepare him/her for continuing studies at the next educational level and for an independent life;

b) strive for personal development of, and formation of, civic awareness in pupils;

c) strive for his/her professional development;

d) engage in the Teacher Professional Development and Career Advancement Scheme (this obligation shall not be imposed on the invited teachers, invited foreign teachers and supply teachers, and in the case of teachers of private schools, this obligation shall apply only in the cases expressly provided for in the said Scheme;

e) observe the Code of Professional Ethics for Teachers;

f) fulfil the obligations determined by the legislation of Georgia and an employment contract;

g) provide a general education institution with information on his/her health status as provided for by the legislation of Georgia and an employment contract.

1². A person convicted for premeditated crime, whose conviction has not been expunged, shall not be a teacher.

2. The remuneration of a teacher for a full working week shall not be less than a minimum salary of a civil servant determined by the legislation of Georgia.

3. An employment contract between a general education institution and a teacher shall be concluded under the legislation of Georgia.

4. The remuneration of a teacher shall be increased in line with the increase of the school budget.

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 497 of 18 November 2008 – LHG I, No 33, 1.12.2008, Art. 211

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 2753 of 29 June 2018 – website, 19.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 3243 of 20 July 2018 – website, 10.8.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 2250 of 1 December 2022 – website, 14.12.2022

Law of Georgia No 3959 of 15 December 2023 – website, 25.12.2023

Chapter II¹ – Profession of a teacher

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Article 21¹ – (Deleted)

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 3068 of 4 May 2010 – LHG I, No 27, 24.5.2010, Art. 187

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Law of Georgia No 5741 of 2 March 2012 – website, 5.3.2012

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Article 21² – Types of teaching positions and the Professional Standards for Teachers

1. There are the following types of positions of teachers:

a) a primary school teacher – a teacher teaching at least one subject at the primary educational level at a general education institution;

b) a basic/secondary school teacher – a teacher teaching at least one subject at the basic and secondary educational levels at a general education institution;

c) a specialised teacher – a teacher teaching all subjects within one subject group at basic and/or secondary educational levels at a general education institution;

d) a specialised teacher in arts or sports – a teacher teaching arts or sports as a separate subject/all subjects in arts or sports within a subject group at an appropriate educational level at a general education institution;

e) a special educational needs teacher – a person with professional knowledge, skills and appropriate qualifications determined by the Professional Standards for Teachers, who teaches a pupil/pupils with special educational needs independently or together with a teacher of the subject and/or works with him/her/them individually/collectively in order to improve the study results and develop various skills;

f) a specialised teacher in military subjects – a teacher in the military subject/group of subjects determined by the School Curriculum;

g) a multilingual teacher of a primary school – a teacher teaching one or more subjects in different languages at a primary educational level at a non-Georgian speaking general education institution/sector;

h) a multilingual teacher of basic/secondary school – a teacher teaching one or more subjects in various languages at basic and secondary educational levels at a non-Georgian speaking general education institution/sector.

2. Upon recommendation of the National Center for Teacher Professional Development the Ministry shall determine Professional Standards for Teachers for each type of teaching professions. The Professional Standards for specialised teachers in military subject/group of subjects shall be determined in coordination with the Ministry of Defence of Georgia. All teachers of general education institutions must comply with the Professional Standards for Teachers.

3. At a general education institution, vocational training may be carried out by a vocational teacher who is a teacher of vocational education under the Law of Georgia on Vocational Education.

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 2940 of 20 April 2010 – LHG I, No 23, 4.5.2010, Art. 122

Law of Georgia No 3068 of 4 May 2010 – LHG I, No 27, 24.5.2010, Art. 187

Law of Georgia No 3530 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 47, 5.8.2010, Art. 302

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Law of Georgia No 6448 of 12 June 2012 – website, 25.6.2012

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 2753 of 29 June 2018 – website, 19.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 3243 of 20 July 2018 – website, 10.8.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 21³ – Teacher education

1. Teachers holding positions under Article 21²(1)(a-c) of this Law must meet the requirements established by the Professional Standards for Teachers and one of the following requirements:

a) must have an academic degree of a Master of Education awarded after completion of an integrated bachelor's and master’s teacher training programme (with indication of the right to teach a subject/subjects relevant to a general educational level);

b) must have an academic degree of a Master of Education (with indication of the right to teach a subject/subjects relevant to a general educational level) and the subject-specific competencies certified according to the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia;

c) must have a bachelor's/master’s or an equivalent academic degree in a subject/group of subjects under the National Curriculum and, within two years after starting work as a teacher, must complete a teacher training programme or a remote teacher training course;

d) must have a bachelor's or an equivalent academic degree in a subject/group of subjects under the National Curriculum and have completed a teacher training programme within the bachelor's educational programme, and must have the subject-specific competencies certified according to the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia;

e) must have the right to teach according to the higher education document and must have the subject-specific competencies certified according to the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia;

f) must have a doctor’s or an equivalent academic degree in an appropriate subject under the National Curriculum or in the area of education.

1¹. If a person has obtained a foreign language proficiency certificate, issued by a legal person entered into a register determined by Article 26 (zg¹⁶) of this Law, the requirement to pass in a foreign language an examination relevant for a subject determined by the legislation of Georgia shall be considered fulfilled.

2. (Deleted – 20.7.2018, No 3243).

3. A special educational needs teacher determined by Article 21²(1)(e) of this Law shall meet the requirements established by the Professional Standards for Teachers and one of the following requirements:

a) must have a Master of Education or an equivalent academic degree awarded after completion of an integrated bachelor's and master’s teacher training programme or a master’s education programme (with indication of the right to teach a subject/subjects relevant to a general educational level) and must have passed the examination for special educational needs teachers as provided for by the legislation of Georgia, or must have obtained a special educational needs teacher training certificate;

b) must have a Master of Education or an equivalent academic degree awarded after completion of an integrated bachelor's and master’s teacher training programme and must have completed a special educational needs teacher training module under the said programme;

c) must have an academic degree of a Doctor of Special Education or a Doctor of Education Sciences (a dissertation must be related to inclusive education);

d) must have at least a bachelor's or an equivalent academic degree and must have completed a Master’s programme in Special Education, or have obtained a special educational needs teacher training certificate;

d) must have the right to teach according to the higher education document, or must have at least a bachelor's degree in psychology or in occupational therapy and must have passed the examination for special educational needs teachers as provided for by the legislation of Georgia, or must have obtained a special educational needs teacher training certificate.

3¹. A special educational needs teacher, who teaches and works with the pupils with special educational needs who have visual or hearing impairments, or multiple sensory impairments (deaf and blind), or severe/deep intellectual and/or multiple disabilities, or behavioural and emotional disorders, shall meet one of the requirements determined by paragraph 3 of this Article and must have completed a specialised certification programme for teaching pupils with special educational needs who have visual or hearing impairments, or multiple sensory impairments (deaf and blind), or severe/deep intellectual and/or multiple disabilities, or behavioural and emotional disorders.

4. A teacher determined by Article 21²(1)(d) of this Law must meet the requirements set forth by the Professional Standards for Teachers; in addition, a specialised teacher in arts or sports must have received:

a) a complete general education;

b) an appropriate higher education in arts or sports, and/or professional arts or sports education, and must have undergone a teacher training programme as provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

5. A teacher determined by Article 21²(1)(f) of this Law must meet the requirements set forth by the Professional Standards for Teachers; in addition, a specialised teacher in military subjects must have:

a) a complete general education;

b) an appropriate military education and must have undergone a teacher training programme as provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

6. Teachers holding positions under Article 21²(1)(g) and (h) of this Law must speak in two languages, and one of them must be Georgian. Further, they must meet the requirements established by the Professional Standards for Teachers and one of the requirements determined by one of the sub-paragraphs of paragraph 1 of this Article.

7. (Deleted – 27.11.2015, No 4583).

8. The Ministry of Defence of Georgia shall have the right to define additional qualification requirements for specialised teachers in military subjects.

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 3068 of 4 May 2010 – LHG I, No 27, 24.5.2010, Art. 187

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Law of Georgia No 5741 of 2 March 2012 – website, 5.3.2012

Law of Georgia No 6448 of 12 June 2012 – website, 25.6.2012

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 4583 of 27 November 2015 – website, 10.12.2015

Law of Georgia No 4619 of 11 December 2015 – website, 22.12.2015

Law of Georgia No 3243 of 20 July 2018 – website, 10.8.2018

Law of Georgia No 1353 of 1 February 2022 – website, 8.2.2022

Law of Georgia No 1979 of 2 November 2022 – website, 14.11.2022

Law of Georgia No 2250 of 1 December 2022 – website, 14.12.2022

Article 21⁴ – Beginning teachers

1. A general education institution shall conclude an employment contract with a beginning teacher upon the consent of the National Center for Teacher Professional Development.

2. A general education institution shall be obliged to pay wages to beginning teachers during the induction period in accordance with the minimum amount and conditions of remuneration of public school teachers.

3. Beginning teachers shall enjoy all rights and benefits determined by this Law except for the right to participate in the elections of the Board of Trustees of a public school.

4. A person may work at school as a beginning teacher for not more than two years. During that period the person shall complete the induction course. If the person successfully completes the induction course, the requirements for teacher education determined by Article 21³ of this Law shall be considered fulfilled by him/her.

5. An induction course shall be approved and administered by the National Center for Teacher Professional Development.

6. During the induction period a general education institution, at which a beginning teacher teaches, shall be responsible for the supervision of the beginning teacher.

7. If a beginning teacher fails to complete an induction course, his/her employment contract with a general education institution shall be terminated.

8. The procedure for registration of beginning teachers and for completion of the induction period, as well as the template and procedure of issuance of the document certifying the completion of the induction period shall be approved by the Ministry.

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 497 of 18 November 2008 – LHG I, No 33, 1.12.2008, Art. 211

Law of Georgia No 2940 of 20 April 2010 – LHG I, No 23, 4.5.2010, Art. 122

Law of Georgia No 5741 of 2 March 2012 – website, 5.3.2012

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 3243 of 20 July 2018 – website, 10.8.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 21⁵ – (Deleted)

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 497 of 18 November 2008 – LHG I, No 33, 1.12.2008, Art. 211

Law of Georgia No 2940 of 20 April 2010 – LHG I, No 23, 4.5.2010, Art. 122

Law of Georgia No 5513 of 20 December 2011 – website, 28.12.2011

Law of Georgia No 918 of 6 August 2014 – website, 20.8.2013

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Article 21⁶ – (Deleted)

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 2940 of 20 April 2010 – LHG I, No 23, 4.5.2010, Art. 122

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Article 21⁷ – Pre-service and termination of services of a teacher, professional development and career advancement of a teacher

1. Pre-service and termination of services of a teacher shall be carried out according to the Procedure for Pre-service and Termination of Services of Teachers approved by the Ministry. Professional development and career advancement of teachers shall be carried out according to the Teacher Professional Development and Career Advancement Scheme approved by the Government of Georgia.

2. The Procedure for Pre-service and Termination of Services of Teachers and the Teacher Professional Development and Career Advancement Scheme must treat teachers equally irrespective of their race, colour, language, sex, religion, political and other opinion, national, ethnic and social belonging, origin, material and social status and place of residence.

3. The Teacher Professional Development and Career Advancement Scheme is intended to train qualified personnel, to raise teacher competence and to ensure teacher professional development, to improve the quality of learning and teaching in order to improve pupil results.

4. In order to achieve the objectives specified by paragraph 3 of this article the Teacher Professional Development and Career Advancement Scheme shall determine:

a) the procedures for engagement of teachers in the Scheme, the teacher assessment criteria and the procedures for keeping an electronic system for teacher assessment;

b) other issues related to the professional development and career advancement of teachers.

5. (Deleted – 16.12.2016, No 102).

6. The professional development and career advancement of teachers may be financed by:

a) funds of general education institutions, including income from school vouchers;

b) appropriate target programme funds approved by the Ministry;

c) teachers themselves (self-financing);

d) donors;

e) other funds allowed by the legislation of Georgia.

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 2940 of 20 April 2010 – LHG I, No 23, 4.5.2010, Art. 122

Law of Georgia No 4322 of 9 March 2011 – website, 22.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 3243 of 20 July 2018 – website, 10.8.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 21⁸ – Registration of teacher professional development programmes

1. Teacher professional development programmes may be implemented by natural and legal entities registered under the legislation of Georgia.

2. Teacher professional development programmes shall be registered by the National Center for Teacher Professional Development.

3. The provisions and the fee for registration of teacher professional development programmes shall be approved by the Minister on the proposal of the National Center for Teacher Professional Development.

4. The number of credit points for a programme shall also be included in the decision on registration of the teacher professional development programme.

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 2079 of 17 November 2009 – LHG I, No 38, 1.12.2009, Art. 282

Law of Georgia No 2940 of 20 April 2010 – LHG I, No 23, 4.5.2010, Art. 122

Law of Georgia No 3068 of 4 May 2010 – LHG I, No 27, 24.5.2010, Art. 187

Law of Georgia No 3530 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 47, 5.8.2010, Art. 302

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 3243 of 20 July 2018 – website, 10.8.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Chapter III – General Education Funding

Article 22 – State funding of general education

1. The State shall ensure the acquisition of a complete general education. The state funding of the education of a pupil at a general education institution shall last for 12 years.

2. Studies at a general education institution shall be funded by the State through an appropriate school voucher compatible with fiscal standards per pupil. If a pupil transfers from one general education institution to another general education institution, a school voucher shall be transferred in accordance with the procedure for issuing and transferring a school voucher.

2¹. In addition to the provision of funds under paragraph 2 of this article, the Ministry shall be entitled to fund a private school within the appropriate target programme/programmes according to the procedure and conditions approved by the Government of Georgia.

3. The State shall finance the education of a pupil from the State Budget of Georgia through an appropriate school voucher compatible with fiscal standards per pupil. The amounts of standard and increased school vouchers shall be determined in accordance with the maximum study load for achieving an educational level under the National Curriculum, taking into consideration the financial capabilities of the pupils under different conditions, observing the principles of equality for ensuring the right to receive an education. The money remaining from the school voucher after covering the current expenses of a general education institution may be used to cover the capital costs of the same institution.

4. (Deleted – 29.6.2018, No 2753).

5. Capital costs of a public school shall be paid by the State and/or by the public school within its authority.

6. On the basis of an individual administrative act of the Minister, a public school shall have the right to receive additional funding from the State Budget of Georgia in the form of an increased school voucher and/or within an appropriate target programme approved by the Ministry.

6¹. The Ministry shall finance the public schools (including the resource schools determined by Article 2(z⁷.a) of this Law), established by the Minister, and the programmes/services, consultation, and boarding school services, provided by them.

6². The Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport of the Autonomous Republic of Ajara shall finance the boarding school services provided by public schools located in the territory of the Autonomous Republic of Ajara, including the resource schools determined by Article 2(z⁷.a) of this Law.

6³. The Ministry shall finance inclusive education, including specialised classes and integrated classes, at public schools established by the Minister that must provide pupils with special educational needs with appropriate human resources and programmes/services.

7. The funding under this article shall apply to citizens of Georgia, persons having temporary ID cards, persons determined by Article 20¹³ of the Law of Georgia on the Procedure for Registering Citizens of Georgia and Aliens Residing in Georgia, for Issuing an Identity (Residence) Card and a Passport of a Citizen of Georgia, foreign citizens (including citizens of other states having the status of compatriot residing abroad), stateless persons, and persons with international protection.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 4129 of 27 December 2006 – LHG I, No 49, 29.12.2006, Art. 372

Law of Georgia No 3440 of 16 July 2010 – LHG I, No 42, 22.7.2010, Art. 264

Law of Georgia No 3530 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 47, 5.8.2010, Art. 302

Law of Georgia No 4041 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 75, 27.12.2010, Art. 465

Law of Georgia No 4488 of 5 April 2011 – website, 15.4.2011

Law of Georgia No 5000 of 1 July 2011 – website, 15.7.2011

Law of Georgia No 5305 of 24 November 2011 – website, 8.12.2011

The decision No 2/3/540 of the Constitutional Court of Georgia of 12 September 2014 – website, 29.9.2014

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 3091 of 19 February 2015 – website, 26.2.2015

Law of Georgia No 44 of 1 December 2016 – website, 15.12.2016

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 2479 of 6 June 2018 – website, 21.6.2018

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 2753 of 29 June 2018 – website, 19.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 6905 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.7.2020

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 3663 of 15 November 2023 – website, 5.12.2023

Article 22¹ – (Deleted)

Law of Georgia No 2958 of 20 April 2010 – LHG I, No 23, 4.5.2010, Art. 132

Law of Georgia No 5305 of 24 November 2011 – website, 8.12.2011

Law of Georgia No 6301 of 25 May 2012 – website, 12.6.2012

The decision No 2/3/540 of the Constitutional Court of Georgia of 12 September 2014 – website, 29.9.2014

Law of Georgia No 3091 of 19 February 2015 – website, 26.2.2015

Article 23 – Funding supplemental educational and mentoring services by the Autonomous Republic of Ajara

Based on the request of a Board of Trustees, the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport of the Autonomous Republic of Ajara in the territory of the Autonomous Republic of Ajara may pay the expenses of supplemental educational and mentoring services.

Law of Georgia No 4488 of 5 April 2011 – website, 15.4.2011

Law of Georgia No 6905 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.7.2020

Chapter IV – Management of the General Education System

Article 24 – Authority of the Parliament of Georgia in the field of general education

The Parliament of Georgia shall:

a) determine the state policy and basic focus areas of management, and develop legislative acts in the field of general education;

b) approve the Document of National Goals for General Education, adopted by the Government of Georgia, within one month after their submission;

c) periodically hear a report of the Minister on implementation of the state policy, financial activities and fulfilment of national and regional programmes in the field of general education.

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 25 – Authority of the Government of Georgia in the field of general education

1. The Government of Georgia shall implement the state policy in the field of general education.

2. The Government of Georgia shall:

a) adopt the Document of National Goals for General Education within one month after the submission by the Ministry and submit it to the Parliament of Georgia for approval;

b) approve the following upon recommendation of the Ministry:

b.a.) the fiscal standards per pupil and amounts of their respective standard and increased school vouchers;

b.b) the procedure and conditions for funding private schools within an appropriate target programme/programmes;

b.c) the Procedure for Awarding the National Prize to Teachers;

c) determine the fees of expedited issuance and issuance of duplicates of state documents certifying general education;

d) approve the Teacher Professional Development and Career Advancement Scheme on the proposal of the Ministry;

e) approve the procedure and conditions for concluding an agreement by the Legal Entity under Public Law the National Center for Educational Quality Enhancement (‘the National Center for Educational Quality Enhancement’) with a foreign authorised institute, that performs recognition of a general education programme recognised abroad.

3. (Deleted – 20.4.2010, No 2940).

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 2940 of 20 April 2010 – LHG I, No 23, 4.5.2010, Art. 122

Law of Georgia No 4469 of 22 March 2011 – website, 1.4.2011

Law of Georgia No 6428 of 5 June 2012 – website, 5.6.2012

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 3243 of 20 July 2018 – website, 10.8.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 3664 of 15 November 2023 – website, 5.12.2023

Law of Georgia No 3959 of 15 December 2023 – website, 25.12.2023

Article 26 – Authority of the Ministry in the field of general education

1. On the basis of the legislation of Georgia in the field of general education, in particular the Constitution of Georgia, the Constitutional Agreement, international agreements and treaties of Georgia, this Law, other laws and subordinate acts, the Ministry shall:

a) implement a unified state policy in the field of general education;

b) develop the Document of National Goals for General Education and submit it to the Government of Georgia;

c) develop the quality assurance indicators of the general education system;

d) develop and approve the statutes of the LEPL National Center for Teacher Professional Development, the LEPL Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions, the LEPL Education and Science Infrastructure Development Agency and the LEPL Education Management Information System;

d¹) upon the nomination of the LEPL Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions, approve the procedure and conditions for providing psychoeducational assessment and consultation;

d²) nominate a candidate for appointment to the position of the Director of the LEPL Education and Science Infrastructure Development Agency to the Prime Minister;

d³) appoint and dismiss the Head of the LEPL Education Management Information System;

d⁴) approve the statute of the Group of Experts;

d⁵) approve the procedure and conditions for provision of boarding school services;

e) appoint and dismiss the Director of the LEPL National Center for Teacher Professional Development in coordination with the Prime Minister of Georgia;

e¹) appoint and dismiss the Head of the LEPL Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions;

e²) (deleted – 13.6.2018, No 2523);

e³) approve the fees for contractual services rendered by the LEPL Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions;

f) develop and approve the National Curriculum, and facilitate its implementation and piloting;

f¹) (deleted – 20.9.2018, No 3439);

f²) (deleted – 8.6.2016, No 5367);

f³) in order to receive a document certifying complete general education, or an equivalent diploma certifying the completion of secondary vocational education programme, approve:

f³.a) (deleted – 8.4.2019, No 4495);

f³.b) a form of evaluation of certification of the study results of secondary educational level of general education under the secondary vocational education programme, in which the study results of secondary educational level of general education are integrated, and the programme;

f⁴) conduct various research works to facilitate development of general education;

g) (deleted – 21.7.2010, No 3530);

h) (deleted – 21.7.2010, No 3530);

i) approve the provisions and fees of authorisation of educational institutions;

i¹) approve the procedures and conditions for establishing and administering a General Education Management Information System;

j) determine construction standards for the premises of general education institutions in coordination with an appropriate line ministry and agencies;

k) determine the procedure for issuing and transferring a school voucher in coordination with the Ministry of Finance of Georgia;

k¹) be entitled to fund a private school within the appropriate target programme/programmes according to the procedure and conditions approved by the Government of Georgia;

l) take the measures necessary for acquisition of general education by all pupils (including pupils with special educational needs and pupils expelled from school); develop provisions for certifying external education; develop provisions for moving pupils from one school/general education institution to another school/general education institution; develop provisions for alternative ways to acquire education; develop the procedures for introducing, developing and monitoring inclusive education, as well as the mechanisms for identifying pupils with special educational needs; approve professional standards for the specialists engaged in inclusive education;

m) establish a legal entity under public law and approve its statute in order to obtain the status of a general education institution, and shall be entitled to reorganise and liquidate it. The Ministry shall carry out the measures determined by this paragraph upon the recommendation of the Ministry of Education of an appropriate autonomous republic within the Autonomous Republics of Abkhazia and Ajara;

m¹) establish a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity under private law in order to obtain the status of general education institution;

m²) be authorised, taking into consideration the funding, management scheme, structural units, school curriculum, state control, and requirements to be imposed on human resources (including the director and a teacher) of a general education institution, in order to acquire the status of a general education institution, to establish a legal entity under public law and approve its statute, as well as to perform its reorganisation and liquidation. Actions under this sub-paragraph shall be performed in the Autonomous Republics of Abkhazia and Ajara by the Ministry upon the recommendation of an authorised ministry in the field of education of a respective autonomous republic;

n) organise a competitive selection for a public school principal and nominate the candidate/candidates of a public school principal to the Board of Trustees of the public school;

n¹) organise the first elections of the Board of Trustees at a newly established and/or reorganised public school and appoint an acting school principal before electing the school principal as provided for by the legislation of Georgia;

o) (deleted – 9.3.2011, No 4321);

p) be entitled to dismiss a Board of Trustees of a public school without notice, if the Board unlawfully dismisses the school principal, which is confirmed by an appropriate court decision entered into force;

q) (deleted – 21.7.2010, No 3530);

r) approve the procedures and fees for the recognition of a complete general education or a general education acquired during the study process abroad, and the validation of the authenticity of an educational document issued in Georgia;

r¹) approve the mobility procedures of pupils at general education institutions;

r²) determine and approve the procedure for recognising the right of a citizen of a foreign country to teach;

s) approve the national assessment schedule;

s¹) approve the procedure for holding a National Educational Olympiad. The Ministry shall have the right to determine the procedures and time frames for submitting and reviewing administrative complaints related to a National Educational Olympiad in place of the procedures and time frames determined by the General Administrative Code of Georgia;

s²) approve the procedure for school branding. The Ministry shall have the right to determine the procedures and time frames for submitting and reviewing administrative complaints related to school branding in place of the procedures and time frames determined by the General Administrative Code of Georgia;

s³) approve the procedure for certifying the study results of secondary educational level of general education achieved by a vocational student within the secondary vocational education programme, in which the study results of secondary educational level of general education are integrated. The Ministry shall have the right to determine, according to the procedure provided for by this sub-paragraph, the procedures and time frames for submitting and reviewing administrative complaints in place of the procedures and time frames determined by the General Administrative Code of Georgia;

s⁴) approve the fees for contractual services rendered by the LEPL Education Management Information System;

s⁵) approve the Procedures for the Enrolment of Pupils in General Education Institutions and the Suspension of their Status;

s⁶) approve the fees for contractual services rendered by the LEPL Education and Science Infrastructure Development Agency;

t) cooperate with international organisations, foreign countries and their general education institutions in the field of quality inspection and assurance;

u) approve the procedure and fee of sealing a textbook/series for a general education institution. The Ministry shall be authorised to determine, with regard to the sealing of a textbook/series for a general education institution, a time limit for administrative proceedings different from the one provided for under the General Administrative Code of Georgia;

u¹) be authorised, in the case defined under the procedure for sealing of a textbook/series of a general education institution, with the consent of the Government of Georgia, to make the decision on sealing a textbook/series;

u²) (deleted – 16.3.2021, No 338);

v) ensure state control of public schools and be responsible to observe the legislation of Georgia in the field of general education. For this purpose, the Ministry shall be authorised to perform financial inspection of schools as provided for by the legislation of Georgia;

w) establish out-of-school education institutions as legal entities under public law or non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entities under private law;

x) establish the National Center for Educational Quality Enhancement;

x¹) establish the LEPL Education and Science Infrastructure Development Agency;

x²) establish the LEPL Education Management Information System;

x³) establish the LEPL/LEPLs National Center/Centers for Teacher Professional Development;

y) determine the procedures for holding a selection competition for a public school principal and teachers and the procedures and conditions for electing and terminating the term of office of members of the Board of Trustees. The Ministry shall have the right to determine the time frames and procedures for submitting and reviewing administrative complaints regarding a selection competition for public school principals in place of the time frames and procedures determined by the General Administrative Code of Georgia;

y¹) upon the recommendation of the LEPL National Center for Teacher Professional Development approve:

y¹.a) (deleted – 28.11.2014, No 2822);

y¹.b) Professional Standards for Teachers;

y¹.c) (deleted – 28.11.2014, No 2822);

y¹.d) the Code of Professional Ethics for Teachers;

y¹.e) (deleted – 11.7.2009, No 1385);

y¹.f) the procedure for registering for and completing an induction period, as well as the form and procedure for issuing a document certifying the completion of an induction period;

y¹.g) (deleted – 28.11.2014, No 2822);

y¹.h) (deleted – 28.11.2014, No 2822);

y¹.i) the Code of Conduct for Pupils;

y¹.j) the Code of Ethics for School Principals;

y²) approve the procedures for granting the status of successful teacher and awarding him/her;

z) appoint a member of a public school Board of Trustees (except for the schools established by the Ministry of Defence of Georgia) from the staff list of the central office or the territorial bodies of the Ministry; appoint a member of a public school Board of Trustees in the territories of the Autonomous Republics of Abkhazia and Ajara upon the recommendation of appropriate ministries in the field of education from the staff lists of the central offices or the territorial bodies of the ministries;

za) determine the minimum and maximum numbers of academic days at public schools during a year, and the minimum and maximum duration of holidays; also it shall be authorised to determine the time of ending of the academic year and the time and duration of holidays, and shall determine exceptional cases;

za¹) approve the procedure for keeping an electronic register book at general education institutions;

za²) make decisions on suspending and/or resuming the study process or on carrying out remote teaching process at the general education institutions of Georgia in the case of epidemic/pandemic;

za³) take measures for the operation of the health care facilities (consulting rooms/units) at general education institutions/schools in Georgia;

za⁴) approve, together with the Ministry of Internally Displaced Persons from the Occupied Territories, Labour, Health and Social Affairs of Georgia, the standard operating procedures for the healthcare personnel of the general education institutions/schools in Georgia;

za⁵) approve, together with the Ministry of Internally Displaced Persons from the Occupied Territories, Labour, Health and Social Affairs of Georgia, the procedures for operation for the health care facilities (consulting rooms/units) at general education institutions/schools in Georgia;

zb) (deleted – 17.3.2006, No 2793);

zc) determine the procedure for the registration of public school principals and members of the elective bodies;

zd) determine the minimum amount and conditions of remuneration for public school teachers in coordination with trade unions, and approve the obligatory terms of employment contracts concluded with school teachers;

zd¹) (deleted – 28.11.2014, No 2822);

zd²) approve the Procedure for Pre-service and Termination of Services of Teachers;

ze) plan activities in coordination with trade unions for upgrading teachers' qualifications;

zf) approve the provisions and the fees for registration of teacher professional development programmes upon the recommendation of the National Center for Teacher Professional Development;

zg) approve the form of a state document certifying general education; approve the procedure for issuing a state document certifying general education in agreement with the Ministry of Justice of Georgia;

zg¹) number the public schools and lay down the procedure for naming them;

zg²) have the right to introduce grants and scholarships for encouraging highly talented pupils;

zg³) determine the procedure for registering personal data of pupils;

zg⁴) (deleted – 2.3.2007, No 4412);

zg⁵) determine the list of necessary documents to be submitted for the admission of pupils to general education institutions;

zg⁶) exercise other powers granted by the Legislation of Georgia;

zg⁷) approve the rule of disciplinary proceedings for teachers;

zg⁸) be authorised to set the amount of the fee for services rendered/activities performed by the legal entities under public law operating within the system of the Ministry;

zg⁹) be authorised to establish in relation to the exams determined by the normative acts of the Minister the time frames and procedures for filing and considering a complaint that are different from the ones provided for by the General Administrative Code of Georgia;

zg¹⁰) be authorised, for the purpose of conducting educational, cultural, arts, creative, sports, and cognitive events for pupils, to allocate a grant to a general education institution and/or a teacher and approve the policy for the grant competition;

zg¹¹) approve the rules and conditions of ensuring safety and public order at general education institutions;

zg¹²) cooperate with the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia for the purpose of exchanging information and planning various preventive measures, in order to ensure safety and public order at educational institutions;

zg¹³) approve, together with the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia, the procedure of coordination and exchange of information among the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia, the Ministry and the LEPL Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions;

zg¹⁴) be authorised to determine the procedures and time frames for submitting and reviewing administrative complaints related to the appealing of the results of the selection stages of International Educational Olympiad other than the procedures and time frames determined by the General Administrative Code of Georgia;

zg¹⁵) in order to support socialisation and rehabilitation of and crime prevention in minors, cooperate with the Minors’ Referral Centre, a structural unit of the Legal Entity under Public Law called the National Agency of Crime Prevention, Enforcement of Non-custodial Sentences and Probation operating within the governance of the Ministry of Justice of Georgia (‘the Minors’ Referral Centre’), in accordance with the procedure established by the Government of Georgia;

zg¹⁶) approve a register of legal persons, a foreign language proficiency certificate issued by which exempts a person from the obligation to pass an examination relevant for a subject determined by the legislation of Georgia in a foreign language, in which a LEPL National Assessment and Examinations Center does not organise that examination. Legal persons shall be entered into the said register in accordance with the criteria determined by a normative act of the Minister;

zg¹⁷) approve the crisis management procedures at general education institutions, based on which the protocol for responding to the violations of security and public order in a general education institution, and to the situations caused as a result of acute behavioural disturbances, shall be determined;

zg¹⁸) approve the professional standards for psychologists working under the governance of the Ministry, which is a list of criteria for professional duties, knowledge, skills and values that shall be met by the psychologists.

2. In order to exercise the powers determined by paragraph 1 of this article, the Ministry shall establish, transform and abolish its own territorial bodies throughout the territory of Georgia, approve their statutes, appoint and dismiss the heads and the deputy heads of these bodies as provided for by the Law of Georgia on the Structure, Powers and Order of Activity of the Government of Georgia. The territorial bodies of the Ministry shall be financed from the State Budget.

3. (Deleted – 9.3.2011, No 4321).

4. Paragraph 1(n), (n¹) and (s⁵) of this article shall not apply to general education institutions carrying out military training programmes, where the functions determined by paragraph 1(p), (s⁵), (v) and (y) of this article are performed by the Ministry of Defence of Georgia.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 –LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 3986 of 14 December 2006 – LHG I, No 48, 22.12.2006, Art. 353

Law of Georgia No 4129 of 27 December 2006 – LHG I, No 49, 29.12.2006, Art. 372

Law of Georgia No 4530 of 28 March 2007 – LHG I, No 15, 23.4.2007, Art. 119

Law of Georgia No 497 of 18 November 2008 – LHG I, No 33, 1.12.2008, Art. 211

Law of Georgia No 790 of 19 December 2008 – LHG I, No 40, 29.12.2008, Art. 257

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 2079 of 17 November 2009 – LHG I, No 38, 1.12.2009, Art. 282

Law of Georgia No 2940 of 20 April 2010 – LHG I, No 23, 4.5.2010, Art. 122

Law of Georgia No 3068 of 4 May 2010 – LHG I, No 27, 24.5.2010, Art. 187

Law of Georgia No 3292 of 2 July 2010 – LHG I, No 37, 14.7.2010, Art. 223

Law of Georgia No 3442 of 16 July 2010 – LHG I, No 44, 28.7.2010, Art. 273

Law of Georgia No 3544 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 46, 4.8.2010, Art. 291

Law of Georgia No 3530 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 47, 5.8.2010, Art. 302

Law of Georgia No 4044 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 75, 27.12.2010, Art. 466

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Law of Georgia No 4204 of 22 February 2011 – website, 10.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 4321 of 9 March 2011 – website, 22.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 4734 of 3 June 2013 – website, 22.6.2011

Law of Georgia No 5349 of 25 November 2011 – website, 6.12.2011

Law of Georgia No 5511 of 20 December 2011 – website, 28.12.2011

Law of Georgia No 5513 of 20 December 2011 – website, 28.12.2011

Law of Georgia No 5666 of 28 December 2011 – website, 12.1.2012

Law of Georgia No 5741 of 2 March 2012 – website, 5.3.2012

Law of Georgia No 6428 of 5 June 2012 – website, 25.6.2012

Law of Georgia No 348 of 20 March 2013 – website, 28.3.2013

Law of Georgia No 918 of 6 August 2013 – website, 20.8.2013

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 3819 of 27 June 2015 – website, 3.7.2015

Law of Georgia No 5420 of 10 June 2016 – website, 17.6.2016

Law of Georgia No 5367 of 8 June 2016 – website, 24.6.2016

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 494 of 23 March 2017 – website, 27.3.2017

Law of Georgia No 2523 of 13 June 2018 – website, 29.6.2018

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 2753 of 29 June 2018 – website, 19.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 3243 of 20 July 2018 – website, 10.8.2018

Law of Georgia No 3439 of 20 September 2018 – website, 5.10.2018

Law of Georgia No 3443 of 20 September 2018 – website, 9.10.2018

Law of Georgia No 4495 of 8 April 2019 – website, 11.4.2019

Law of Georgia No 4524 of 19 April 2019 – website, 24.4.2019

Law of Georgia No 5406 of 29 November 2019 – website, 10.12.2019

Law of Georgia No 6286 of 12 June 2020 – website, 15.6.2020

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 417 of 30 March 2021 – website, 13.4.2021

Law of Georgia No 1465 of 30 March 2022 – website, 6.4.2022

Law of Georgia No 1979 of 2 November 2022 – website, 14.11.2022

Law of Georgia No 2250 of 1 December 2022 – website, 14.12.2022

Law of Georgia No 3524 of 21 September 2023 – website, 12.10.2023

Law of Georgia No 3663 of 15 November 2023 – website, 5.12.2023

Law of Georgia No 3959 of 15 December 2023 – website, 25.12.2023

Article 27 – Authority of the Ministries of Georgia in the field of general education

1. In order to obtain the status of a general education institution, which provides specialised arts and sports training and education along with general education programmes, the Ministry shall establish a legal entity under public law upon the recommendation of a respective line ministry. The specialised arts and sports training and education beyond the National Curriculum, including at primary and basic educational levels, shall be financed by an appropriate line ministry.

1¹. In order to obtain the status of a general education institution, which provides specialised arts and sports training and education along with general education programmes, the Ministry of Culture and Sport of Georgia and the Ministry may jointly establish a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity under private law.

1². In order to obtain the status of a general education institution, which carries out military training programmes along with general education programmes, the Ministry of Defence of Georgia shall establish a legal entity under public law and shall carry out its state control. Such institution shall:

a) undergo authorisation according to the procedure determined by the Minister;

b) be financed from the allocations of the Ministry of Defence of Georgia as provided for by Article 22 of this Law.

1³. The Ministry of Defence of Georgia shall:

a) develop and ensure the implementation of a specialised military training programme for the institutions determined by paragraph 1² of this article;

b) appoint a director and/or a military head and specialised teachers in military subjects at the institutions determined by paragraph 1² of this article, who may be either military servants or civilians.

2. The military, specialised arts and sports training and education programmes beyond the National Curriculum shall be implemented under the supervision of a line ministry as provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 3986 of 14 December 2006 – LHG I, No 48, 22.12.2006, Art. 353

Law of Georgia No 3068 of 4 May 2010 – LHG I, No 27, 24.5.2010, Art. 187

Law of Georgia No 3530 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 47, 5.8.2010, Art. 302

Law of Georgia No 1631 of 7 December 2017 – website, 14.12.2017

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 6905 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.7.2020

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 1465 of 30 March 2022 – website, 6.4.2022

Law of Georgia No 3524 of 21 September 2023 – website, 12.10.2023

Law of Georgia No 3825 of 30 November 2023 – website, 15.12.2023

Article 28 – (Deleted)

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Law of Georgia No 4734 of 3 June 2013 – website, 22.6.2011

Law of Georgia No 5349 of 25 November 2011 – website, 6.12.2011

Article 28¹ – National Center for Teacher Professional Development

1. The National Center for Teacher Professional Development is a legal entity under public law, the state control of which is performed by the Ministry.

2. Functions of the LEPL National Center for Teacher Professional Development are to:

a) register teacher personal data as provided for by the legislation of Georgia;

b) develop Professional Standards for Teachers;

c) develop a Code of Professional Ethics for Teachers in coordination with the teachers' associations and organisations;

d) register vacant positions of teachers and beginning teachers at general education institutions;

e) develop the procedures for registering beginning teachers and completing an induction period, as well as the template and procedure of issuance of the document certifying the completion of the induction period;

f) (deleted – 28.11.2014, No 2822);

g) develop the Teacher Professional Development and Career Advancement Scheme;

h) develop the provisions for registration of and register the teacher professional development programmes;

i) (deleted – 11.7.2009, No 1385);

j) participate in teacher professional development and career advancement as provided for by the legislation of Georgia;

k) (deleted – 28.11.2014, No 2822);

k¹) develop the Code of Conduct for Pupils and the Code of Ethics for School Principals;

l) exercise other powers determined by the legislation of Georgia, including by this Law.

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 2940 of 20 April 2010 – LHG I, No 23, 4.5.2010, Art. 122

Law of Georgia No 3292 of 2 July 2010 – LHG I, No 37, 14.7.2010, Art. 223

Law of Georgia No 918 of 6 August 2013 – website, 20.8.2013

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 3243 of 20 July 2018 – website, 10.8.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 28² – Education and Science Infrastructure Development Agency

1. The Education and Science Infrastructure Development Agency is a legal entity under public law, the state control of which is performed by the Ministry.

2. Functions of the LEPL Education and Science Infrastructure Development Agency are to:

a) rehabilitate, build and supply with inventory and equipment, within its authority, the educational and scientific institutions within the Ministry;

b) exercise other powers determined by the statute of the LEPL Education and Science Infrastructure Development Agency.

Law of Georgia No 4321 of 9 March 2011 – website, 22.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 5511 of 20 December 2011 – website, 28.12.2011

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 6905 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.7.2020

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 28³ – Education Management Information System

1. The Ministry shall establish a Legal Entity under Public Law (LEPL) the Education Management Information System within its system ('LEPL Education Management Information System') and carry out the overall management and state control of its activities.

2. Functions of the LEPL Education Management Information System are to:

a) support the development of the educational system by means of formation of the unified information and education area within the system;

b) introduce modern information technologies and facilitate the development of appropriate infrastructure;

c) create and implement education management information systems according to the procedure determined by the Ministry in order to automate the processes going on within the education system and to collect, keep and administer the electronic data;

d) provide information support of management processes and keep the statistics;

e) keep the registry of the personal data of pupils, parents of the pupils, students/vocational students, graduates and staff members of the educational institutions according to the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia;

f) administer the General Education Management Information System; register with the General Education Management Information System the powers and the termination of powers of a public school principal, acting principal, in case of inability of the principal/acting principal to exercise his/her powers – of an acting deputy principal, and if the position of a deputy principal is not available – of another staff member of the public school, and of a member of the Board of Trustees in accordance with the procedure established by the Ministry;

g) organise and control circulation of the documents of strict accounting, and prepare documents of strict accounting, that are unsuitable for use, for expert examination and utilisation;

h) register persons deprived of the right to perform pedagogical work and to work in educational institutions on the basis of a court judgment of conviction entered into force and/or the legislation of Georgia;

i) develop basic indicators for the educational system;

j) create the databases as provided for by the legislation of Georgia in order to issue school leaving certificates, the documents certifying complete general education and basic general education, and the certificates, the documents certifying the completion of secondary educational level of general education and their duplicates;

k) issue the duplicates of the documents certifying the completion of vocational education according to the procedure established by the Ministry;

l) exercise other powers determined by the statute of the Education Management Information System and the legislation of Georgia.

3. The Head of the Education Management Information System shall be appointed and dismissed by the Minister.

4. The Head of the Education Management Information System shall manage the activities of the Education Management Information System, shall be responsible for fulfilling the objectives of the Education Management Information System and shall exercise other powers determined by the statute of the Education Management Information System.

Law of Georgia No 5511 of 20 December 2011 – website, 28.12.2011

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 2753 of 29 June 2018 – website, 19.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 3443 of 20 September 2018 – website, 9.10.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 29 – Authority of the ministries of education of the Autonomous Republics of Abkhazia and Ajara in the field of general education

1. In the territory of a respective autonomous republic the Ministry of Education of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia and the Ministry of Education of the Autonomous Republic of Ajara shall:

a) be a major managing body in the general educational system that implements state policy in the field of general education;

b) ensure observance of the legislation of Georgia in the field of general education;

c) organise implementation of the National Curriculum;

d) ensure compliance of all general education institutions with the standards laid down by the Ministry as provided for by the statute approved by the Ministry;

e) (deleted – 17.3.2006, No 2793);

f) assess general education institutions as provided for by the Ministry;

g) submit the statutes of general education, out-of-school education and mentoring institutions to the Ministry for approval;

g¹) establish out-of-school mentoring institutions as non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entities under private law;

h) register a public school principal, acting principal, in case of inability of the principal/acting principal to exercise his/her powers – powers and the termination of powers of an acting deputy principal, and if the position of a deputy principal is not available – of another staff member of the school under the procedure established by this Law and the secondary legislation in the field of general education, and forward these data for registration to the Education Management Information System. The data shall become effective upon their registration with the Education Management Information System;

i) finance general education as provided for by this Law;

j) hold a competitive selection for public school principals;

j¹) permit a school principal to enjoy his/her leave of absence and, within its discretionary authority, make a decision on discontinuing his/her leave;

j²) nominate a candidate as a member of a public school Board of Trustees to be appointed by the Ministry; submit a proposal to the Ministry on his/her withdrawal from the membership of the Board of Trustees;

k) be entitled to dismiss the Board of Trustees of a public school without notice, if the Board unlawfully dismisses the school principal, which is confirmed by an appropriate court decision entered into force;

l) (deleted - 21.7.2010, No 3530);

l¹) be authorised, in cases under Articles 34(3), 41(4) and 44(3) of this Law, to appoint and dismiss an acting principal under the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia;

m) request documents and information or conduct an on-site study of the observance of the legislation of Georgia by a public school;

n) (deleted - 27.12.2006, No 4129);

o) (deleted - 27.12.2006, No 4129);

p) accept annual performance reports for the last year on public schools regarding observance of the legislation of Georgia, the study process and the financial operations as provided for by the Ministry;

q) exercise other powers determined by the legislation of Georgia, including by this Law.

2. In order to exercise the powers determined by paragraph 1 of this article the Ministries of Education of the Autonomous Republics of Abkhazia and Ajara shall have the right to establish, transform and abolish their territorial bodies throughout the territory of the respective autonomous republic, as well as to approve the statutes, to appoint and dismiss the heads and deputy heads of these bodies.

3. If the existence of the ministry of education is not determined by the legislation of Georgia and respective autonomous republic on the Autonomous Republics of Abkhazia and Ajara, the powers determined by paragraphs 1 and 2 of this article shall be exercised by the Ministry as provided for by this Law.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 3986 of 14 December 2006 – LHG I, No 48, 22.12.2006, Art. 353

Law of Georgia No 4129 of 27 December 2006 – LHG I, No 49, 29.12.2006, Art. 372

Law of Georgia No 497 of 18 November 2008 – LHG I, No 33, 1.12.2008, Art. 211

Law of Georgia No 790 of 19 December 2008 – LHG I, No 40, 29.12.2008, Art. 257

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 3530 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 47, 5.8.2010, Art. 302

Law of Georgia No 4044 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 75, 27.12.2010, Art. 466

Law of Georgia No 4734 of 3 June 2011 – website, 22.6.2011

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 1227 of 26 July 2017 – website, 28.7.2017

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 2753 of 29 June 2018 – website, 19.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 30 – (Deleted)

Law of Georgia No 3986 of 14 December 2006 – LHG I, No 48, 22.12.2006, Art. 353

Law of Georgia No 5951 of 19 March 2008 – LHG I, No 8, 28.3.2008, Art. 54

Law of Georgia No 5367 of 8 June 2016 – website, 24.6.2016

Law of Georgia No 494 of 23 March 2017 – website, 27.3.2017

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 6905 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.7.2020

Chapter V – Legal Grounds for the Operation of General Education Institutions

Article 31 – Organisational and legal form of general education institutions

1. A general education institution/a school is a legal entity under public law established under the Law of Georgia on Legal Entities under Public Law or an entrepreneurial or non-entrepreneurial legal entity under private law.

1¹. A legal entity under private law shall be authorised to carry out general educational activities without establishing another independent legal entity as provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

2. A general education institution shall provide general education at primary and/or basic and/or secondary educational levels.

3. (Deleted – 21.7.2010, No 3530).

4. (Deleted – 21.7.2010, No 3530).

5. (Deleted – 21.7.2010, No 3530).

6. Appropriate provisions of Chapters I-IV, this Chapter and Chapters XI ​ ¹ and XII of this Law shall apply to private schools.

7. (Deleted – 21.7.2010, No 3530).

8. The Ministry shall be authorised to determine for a legal entity under public law specified in Article 26(1)(m²) of this Law the management scheme, structure, state control, and requirements to be imposed on human resources (including the director and a teacher) that are different from those provided by this law for a public school, as well as to determine the procedure and conditions of funding that are different from those provided for by this law.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 4530 of 28 March 2007 – LHG I, No 15, 23.4.2007, Art. 119

Law of Georgia No 2380 of 18 December 2009 – LHG I, No 48, 29.12.2009, Art. 365

Law of Georgia No 3530 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 47, 5.8.2010, Art. 302

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 1465 of 30 March 2022 – website, 6.4.2022

Article 31¹ – Types of a general education institution

The Ministry shall determine the types of a general education institution taking into consideration the funding, management scheme, structural units, school curriculum, state control, and requirements to be imposed on human resources (including the director and a teacher) of a general education institution.

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 32 – Authorisation of general education institutions

1. As a result of authorisation, a legal entity acquires the status of a general education institution and is authorised to issue a document certifying general education recognised by the State.

2. The standards of authorisation of a general education institution shall be determined by the Authorisation Regulations for Educational Institutions.

3. The term of authorisation of a general education institution is 9 years.

4. Independent general education programmes for the purpose of authorisation of a general education institution are as follows:

a) a general education programme for the primary educational level of general education;

b) a general education programme for the basic educational level of general education;

c) a general education programme for the secondary educational level of general education;

d) a general education programme carried out in a foreign language;

e) a general education programme carried out in different municipalities.

5. A general education institution shall be authorised to implement only a general education programme specified in the authorisation application, as well as the general education programme, the right of implementation of which it had obtained during the term of validity of the authorisation, according to the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia.

6. Without establishing an independent legal entity, a general education institution shall be authorised to carry out only a basic vocational education programme, a secondary vocational education programme, an official language training programme, a vocational training programme and/or a vocational retraining programme. A general education institution established in a form of a legal entity under private law shall also be authorised to obtain the right to carry out preschool education programme/school readiness programme, without establishing an independent legal entity.

7. In the Authorisation Regulations for Educational Institutions, the Ministry may determine different conditions for authorisation for the general education institutions established by the State or with the participation of the State, including the general education institutions provided for by Article 27 of this Law.

8. If the authorisation of a general education institution is revoked, an educational programme completed by pupils of the institution before revocation shall be valid.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 4129 of 27 December 2006 – LHG I, No 49, 29.12.2006, Art. 372

Law of Georgia No 4530 of 28 March 2007 – LHG I, No 15, 23.4.2007, Art. 119

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 3068 of 4 May 2010 – LHG I, No 27, 24.5.2010, Art. 187

Law of Georgia No 3530 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 47, 5.8.2010, Art. 302

Law of Georgia No 348 of 20 March 2013 – website, 28.3.2013

Law of Georgia No 4785 of 19 February 2016 – website, 7.3.2016

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 1465 of 30 March 2022 – website, 6.4.2022

Law of Georgia No 3959 of 15 December 2023 – website, 25.12.2023

Article 33 – Rights and obligations of a general education institution

1. A general education institution shall:

a) provide pupils with an education that meets modern standards and is based on national and universal human values, a healthy lifestyle, and the principles of democracy and equality;

b) create all conditions required for the study process;

b¹) facilitate the efficient transition of a person/pupil;

c) observe the National Curriculum determined for general education institutions;

d) carry out general education activities with approved textbooks and/or with textbooks agreed with the Ministry, that comply with the standards established by the National Curriculum. The procedure and terms of agreement of textbooks with the Ministry shall be determined by an individual administrative act of the Minister;

e) take healthcare measures in coordination with the Ministry of Internally Displaced Persons from the Occupied Territories, Labour, Health and Social Affairs of Georgia;

e¹) provide appropriate conditions for the operation of health care facilities (consulting rooms/units) at general education institutions/schools for the protection of pupils’ health and for their comprehensive development;

f) create opportunities to acquire general education in alternative ways considering the age peculiarities of pupils, by separating them from other pupils of a corresponding educational level;

g) create necessary conditions for inclusive education;

h) prevent teaching of a non-scientific opinion or theory as a scientific theory or fact;

i) have internal quality assurance mechanisms;

j) ensure the safety of pupils on school grounds during school time;

k) employ beginning teachers for public schools as provided for by the legislation of Georgia;

l) submit to the LEPL the National Center for Teacher Professional Development the personal data of teachers employed by the general education institution and information on vacant positions of teachers and beginning teachers as provided for by the legislation of Georgia;

m) facilitate professional development of teachers within available resources, including through financing or co-financing their participation in professional training programmes;

n) carry out the measures determined by the legislation of Georgia within the system of career guidance, counselling and career planning in formal education.

2. A general education institution shall have the right to:

a) provide transportation of pupils, to the extent possible, who are unable to reach the institution and return home independently;

b) require teachers, other employees, pupils and parents of the institution to meet the requirements determined by the legislation of Georgia and by the statute of the institution;

c) (deleted – 29.6.2018, No 2753);

d) cooperate with other schools and social organisations for the purposes of this Law;

e) provide safe conditions for food facilities in the territory of an educational institution/school;

f) provide pupils with a school library that is based on pluralism of opinions and ensures comprehensive development of pupils, awareness of the country's identity, national and universal human values and cultural diversity;

g) take measures to increase remuneration of teachers in accordance with the level of their professional development;

h) (deleted - 21.7.2010, No 3530).

3. In agreement with the parents, a public school shall be entitled to offer paid extra educational services determined by the National Curriculum to pupils, if:

a) these services are not rendered to respective pupils by the teachers employed by the same school;

b) the services are not rendered in a form of a lesson;

c) the services are not rendered to the pupils during the study process within the required study load determined by the School Curriculum.

4. A public school shall have the right to provide pupils with supplemental educational and mentoring services, including paid services that are not determined by the National Curriculum. A public school shall be obliged to ensure equal access to such services for all pupils of the institution.

5. In order to facilitate/support the process of inclusive education, a resource school determined by Article 2(z⁷.a) of this Law shall have the right to implement programmes/provide services, provide consultations to other schools, pupils with special educational needs, their parents, teachers, special educational needs teachers, and the employees of the administration and other employees of the resource school.

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 4530 of 28 March 2007 – LHG I, No 15, 23.4.2007, Art. 119

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 2940 of 20 April 2010 – LHG I, No 23, 4.5.2010, Art. 122

Law of Georgia No 3530 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 47, 5.8.2010, Art. 302

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Law of Georgia No 4734 of 3 June 2011 – website, 22.6.2011

Law of Georgia No 5349 of 25 November 2011 – website, 6.12.2011

Law of Georgia No 918 of 6 August 2013 – website, 20.8.2013

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 2753 of 29 June 2018 – website, 19.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 3443 of 20 September 2018 – website, 9.10.2018

Law of Georgia No 6905 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.7.2020

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 417 of 30 March 2021 – website, 13.4.2021

Law of Georgia No 1465 of 30 March 2022 – website, 6.4.2022

Law of Georgia No 2250 of 1 December 2022 – website, 14.12.2022

Law of Georgia No 3663 of 15 November 2023 – website, 5.12.2023

Article 33¹ – Restriction for the personnel

A person convicted for committing a crime against sexual freedom and sexual inviolability, determined by the Law of Georgia on Combating Crime against Sexual Freedom and Sexual Inviolability may not be employed at a general education institution, despite removal or expungement of conviction.

Law of Georgia No 5755 of 17 March 2020 – website, 23.3.2020

Article 33² – Rights and obligations of private schools in relation to pupils

1. In the case of a debt, a private school shall allow a pupil to complete the current academic semester.

2. A private school shall have the right to terminate the pupil’s status of a pupil having a debt within a reasonable period of time after the end of the current academic semester and before the beginning of the following academic semester, in order to ensure the unhindered mobility of the pupil as provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

3. Immediately upon incurring a debt, a private school shall warn in writing a legal representative of a pupil and determine a reasonable period of time for the fulfilment of the obligation, as well as explain the consequences of the failure to fulfil the obligation.

4. A private school shall notify the Ministry and a legal representative of a pupil of the decision to terminate the pupil’s status of the pupil not later than the following day after making such decision.

5. If the pupil’s status of a pupil is terminated on the ground determined by paragraph 2 of this article, a private school shall transfer to the receiving school the pupil’s personal file and the documents necessary for his/her enrolment in another school on the following business day after receiving such request.

6. In the case of transfer of a pupil to another school upon the request of the legal representative of the pupil, a private school shall transfer to the receiving school the pupil’s personal file and the documents necessary for his/her enrolment in another school within 3 business days after receiving such request and an appropriate application from the legal representative of the pupil, and shall refund the prepaid tuition fee (if any) to the legal representative of the pupil within 5 business days.

7. The failure of a private school to meet the requirements of paragraphs 3-6 of this article shall be the ground for the annulment of its authorisation.

8. If a pupil does not continue studies at another private school after the termination of his/her pupil’s status on the ground determined by paragraph 2 of this article, before the beginning of the following academic semester the Ministry shall, according to the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia, ensure that the pupil receives general education at a public school as provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

Law of Georgia No 463 of 27 April 2021 – website, 4.5.2021

Article 34 – Reorganisation and liquidation of a general education institution

1. A public school shall be reorganised or liquidated by its founder:

a) if the activities of the institution are anti-constitutional;

b) if optimisation of physical and/or human resources of the institution is required;

c) if the institution has basically transformed its activities into entrepreneurial activities;

d) (deleted – 11.7.2009, No 1385);

e) in other cases determined by the legislation of Georgia.

2. A private school shall be reorganised and liquidated as provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

3. Public school reorganisation, which includes merger/acquisition of public schools or division/separation of one public school, and liquidation of public schools, shall result in termination of authority of the managing bodies of the reorganised and liquidated public schools. Before electing a school principal at a reorganised public school under the legislation of Georgia, the Minister shall appoint an acting principal who shall be authorised to exercise the powers of the school Board of Trustees before its election, except for the cases determined by the Ministry.

Law of Georgia No 4129 of 27 December 2006 – LHG I, No 49, 29.12.2006, Art. 372

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 34¹ – Implementation of a general education programme recognised abroad in Georgia

1. The only general education programme recognised abroad that may be implemented in Georgia shall be the one for recognition of which the National Center for Educational Quality Enhancement has concluded an agreement with a foreign authorised institute.

2. The procedure and conditions for concluding an agreement under paragraph 1 of this article by the National Center for Educational Quality Enhancement shall be determined by the procedure and conditions approved by the ordinance of the Government of Georgia for concluding an agreement by the National Center for Educational Quality Enhancement with a foreign authorised institute that performs recognition of general education programmes recognised abroad.

3. A legal person established according to the procedure determined by the legislation of Georgia, to which the requirements established for a general education institution by this Law do not apply, shall have the right to implement in Georgia a general education programme recognised abroad, except for a direct reference in this Law to a general education programme recognised abroad, and Chapters II and XI¹ of this Law. In addition, Articles 9 and 21 of this Law shall apply to a legal person referred to in this paragraph taking into account their content.

4. A document certifying the education issued after completing a general education programme recognised abroad that is implemented in Georgia shall be equal to a document certifying a complete general education, and shall give the right to continue to study at the next educational level and, in addition, shall not need to be apostilled or legalised.

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 3959 of 15 December 2023 – website, 25.12.2023

Chapter VI – Principles of Management for General Education Institutions

Article 35 – Responsibilities and structure

1. Within their authority a school principal, an appropriate structural unit and/or a member of the structural unit of a public school shall be responsible for the accomplishment of the National Curriculum, the legislation of Georgia in the field of general education and the individual administrative acts of the Ministry, as well as for the educational-mentoring process and targeted expenditure of the funds by the school.

2. The structure of a general education institution shall include a Teacher Council, a Board of Trustees, the Administration, the Self-government of Pupils and a Disciplinary Committee. The statute may include existence of an Appellate Committee for the purpose of appealing decisions made by the Disciplinary Committee.

2¹. Each structural unit of a public school, determined by paragraph 2 of this article, shall be responsible for the decisions made within its authority.

3. Under the statute, a general education institution that carries out:

a) specialised arts education and training programmes may have the position of an Art Director, the procedure for the election/appointment and the authority of whom shall be determined by this Law and the statute of the institution;

b) military training programmes, may have:

b.a) the position of a Military Head, the procedure for appointment and the authority of whom shall be determined by this Law and the statute of the institution;

b.b) a different structure.

4. Public schools are managed on the basis of the principles of publicity and transparency.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 3068 of 4 May 2010 – LHG I, No 27, 24.5.2010, Art. 187

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 3524 of 21 September 2023 – website, 12.10.2023

Article 36 – Conflict of interest

1. A member of a Board of Trustees may not be a member of the school Administration. A person may not be a member of a Board of Trustees as a parent of a pupil if he/she has labour relations with the same school.

2. Legal entities under private law carrying out general, higher and/or vocational education programmes may not use the immovable property of legal entities under public law which carry out these programmes.

2¹. Paragraph 2 of this article shall not apply to a legal entity under public law- an arts/sports higher education institution and a non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entity - a general education institution that carry out out-of-school arts/sports educational programmes under Article 11(5) of the Law of Georgia on Higher Education.

3. The other party to an agreement (except for an employment contract) concluded by a public school may not be the school principal, any other member of the Administration, a member of the Board of Trustees or a close relative of these persons. For the purposes of this Law, the term 'close relative' shall mean a person defined in Article 4(b) of the Law of Georgia on the Fight against Corruption.

4. The consent from a Board of Trustees shall be required for entering into an employment contract between the school principal and his/her close relative. A member of a Board of Trustees may not participate in the ballot, if he/she is a close relative of the second party to the agreement.

5. Members of the Board of Trustees, the Disciplinary Committee and the Appellate Committee of a public school may not be closely related to each other. An exception may be made at small schools with the consent of the Ministry.

6. Members of a public school administration may not be closely related to each other. An exception may be made at a small public school with the consent of the Ministry.

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 5609 of 14 December 2007 – LHG I, No 46, 24.12.2007, Art. 400

Law of Georgia No 497 of 18 November 2008 – LHG I, No 33, 1.12.2008, Art. 211

Law of Georgia No 2380 of 18 December 2009 – LHG I, No 48, 29.12.2009, Art. 365

Law of Georgia No 4356 of 27 October 2015 – website, 11.11.2015

Law of Georgia No 134 of 21 December 2016 – website, 28.12.2016

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 2218 of 30 November 2022 – website, 15.12.2022

Chapter VII – Board of Trustees of a General Education Institution

Article 37 – Board of Trustees

1. A Board of Trustees shall comprise not less than six and not more than twelve representatives elected for the term of 3 years equally by the parents and the Teacher Council, one representative elected by the Self-government of Pupils of a secondary educational level of general education and one member appointed by the Ministry, and also one member appointed by the Ministry of Defence of Georgia at general education institutions carrying out military training programmes. A municipality shall be entitled to appoint one member of a Board of Trustees. One member of a Board of Trustees may also be elected by a Board of Trustees from confirmed benefactors of the school (if any). While determining the number of members of a Board of Trustees for small schools, an exception may be made only with the agreement of the Ministry. The members of a Board of Trustees elected from the parents shall equally represent each general educational level of the school. A person may be elected as a member of a Board of Trustees only for two consecutive terms.

1¹. The term of office of a Board of Trustees shall be three years.

2. The number of members of a Board of Trustees elected from the parents and Teacher Council shall be determined by the school statute.

3. The Ministry shall have the right to deputise its representative to a Board of Trustees who shall enjoy the right of deliberative vote.

4. The Ministry and an appropriate body of a municipality shall have the right to withdraw its representative from the Board of Trustees at any time.

5. A Board of Trustees is headed by a chairperson of the Board who shall convene and lead the Board meetings. The chairperson shall represent a school in relations with the school principal. The Board chairperson shall be interchangeably elected from the members of the Board elected from the parents and the Teacher Council, and a representative of municipality for not more than their term of office. A member of a Board of Trustees, who is a representative of the Self-government of Pupils, may not be elected as a chairperson of the Board of Trustees.

5¹. An extraordinary meeting of the Board of Trustees may be convened by not less than one third of the members on the list, or by a representative of the Ministry appointed in the Board under Article 26(1)(z) of this Law. If the chairperson of the Board of Trustees fails to attend an extraordinary meeting, the Board of Trustees shall be authorised to elect a chairperson of the meeting by a majority of the members on the list, who will exercise the powers of the Board chairperson at the extraordinary meeting.

6. In case of an equal number of votes the chairperson of the Board of Trustees shall cast the deciding vote.

7. A Board of Trustees meets at least three times an academic year, at the beginning of each term.

Law of Georgia No 5951 of 19 March 2008 – LHG I, No 8, 28.3.2008, Art. 54

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 3068 of 4 May 2010 – LHG I, No 27, 24.5.2010, Art. 187

Law of Georgia No 3442 of 16 July 2010 – LHG I, No 44, 28.7.2010, Art. 273

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 2753 of 29 June 2018 – website, 19.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 6905 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.7.2020

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 3524 of 21 September 2023 – website, 12.10.2023

Article 38 – Functions of a Board of Trustees

1. The Board of Trustees shall:

a) under Article 42 of this Law, elect a school principal by a majority of members on the list, who is registered by the Education Management Information System. This rule shall not apply to a general education institution that carries out military training programmes;

b) approve the school budget upon the recommendation of the school principal, and approve and ensure publicity of an annual report prepared by the school principal. The budget of general education institutions that carry out military training programmes shall be approved by the Ministry of Defence of Georgia, and the draft budget shall be prepared by the principal and the Board of Trustees of the institution;

c) upon the recommendation of the school principal approve the school internal regulations that comprehensively determine the list of disciplinary misconduct and disciplinary penalties, and the conditions for moving pupils from schools;

d) agree on the School Curriculum, the teaching materials, including the list of approved textbooks selected by teachers for using during the school year that are prepared by the Teacher Council;

e) control the expenditure of the funds and disposal of the property by the Administration;

f) have the right to terminate labour relations with the school principal in case of violation of the requirements under the employment contract and the legislation of Georgia;

g) store and register the ballots and protocols of the election of the representatives of Parents and Teacher Councils in the Board of Trustees;

h) review complaints and take appropriate measures as provided for by the statute of the school;

i) have the right to assign a school principal to apply to the LEPL National Assessment and Examinations Center in order to hold school leaving examinations in accordance with the National Curriculum;

j) have the right to request a school principal to terminate labour relations with a teacher in case of violation of the employment contract, improper mentoring activities and in other cases as determined by law;

k) under the statute of the school elect a Disciplinary Committee that is comprised of an equal number of teachers, parents and pupils of a secondary educational level for reviewing disciplinary misconduct. A Board of Trustees shall be authorised to review complaints of decisions of the Disciplinary Committee or establish an Appellate Committee as provided for by the statute. The Appellate Committee, the Board of Trustees shall also review complaints of the decisions of the school principal taken regarding the disciplinary misconduct. The special membership of the Disciplinary Committee or the Appellate Committee shall not be convened for reviewing a certain case;

l) agree on a draft statute of the school submitted by the school principal;

m) make a decision on early termination of powers of a member of the Board of Trustees if there are grounds for termination of the powers of the member of the Board of Trustees.

2. A Board of Trustees shall make decisions determined by paragraph 1 of this article (except for paragraph 1(f) of this article) by a majority of the members on the list, while decisions determined by paragraph 1(f) of this article shall be made by two thirds of the members on the list.

3. Paragraphs 1(a), (b) (except for the functions related to the annual report and the second sentence of sub-paragraph (b)) and (f) of this article shall not apply to the general education institutions that carry out military training programmes.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 4530 of 28 March 2007 – LHG I, No 15, 23.4.2007, Art. 119

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 3068 of 4 May 2010 – LHG I, No 27, 24.5.2010, Art. 187

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Law of Georgia No 4734 of 3 June 2011 – website, 22.6.2011

Law of Georgia No 5349 of 25 November 2011 – website, 6.12.2011

Law of Georgia No 918 of 6 August 2013 – website, 20.8.2013

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 2753 of 29 June 2018 – website, 19.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 3524 of 21 September 2023 – website, 12.10.2023

Article 39 – Procedure for the election of the Board of Trustees

1. An equal number of representatives of the Parents and the Teacher Council and of the Self-government of Pupils of a secondary educational level shall be elected to a Board of Trustees.

2. The procedure for the election of a Board of Trustees shall be determined by the Ministry. Elections shall be held on the basis of equality, by secret ballot, under the principles of transparency and equal representation of parents of pupils according to their educational levels.

3. The Ministry shall have the right to determine procedures and time frames for submitting and reviewing administrative complaints regarding the election of a Board of Trustees other than the procedures and time frames determined by the General Administrative Code of Georgia. The decisions of the Ministry regarding the elections of the Board of Trustees shall be appealed to court and such appeal shall not suspend the disputed acts.

4. The results of the election of a Board of Trustees shall enter into force after their registration according to procedures determined by the Ministry.

Law of Georgia No 4129 of 27 December 2006 – LHG I, No 49, 29.12.2006, Art. 372

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 40 – Termination of the authority of membership on a Board of Trustees and the Board of Trustees

1. The authority of a member of the Board of Trustees shall be terminated, if:

a) a Teacher Council terminates the authority of the member of the Board of Trustees as the representative of the Council on the Board;

b) the labour relations of the member of the Board of Trustees, who is a representative of the Teacher Council in the Board, are terminated;

c) a pupil, whose representative is a member of the Board of Trustees, has been expelled from school, his/her status of a pupil has been suspended or she/he has moved to another general educational level;

c¹) a representative of the Self-government of Pupils has been expelled from school or his/her status of a pupil has been suspended;

d) (deleted – 29.6.2018, No 2753);

e) required by one third of the parents of the pupils at an appropriate educational level under the principle: 'one vote for one pupil';

f) the member of the Board of Trustees has died;

g) the member of the Board of Trustees resigns from the membership on the Board;

h) a judgment of conviction has entered into force against a member of the Board of Trustees;

i) a court declares a member of the Board of Trustees missing or dead, or recognised him/her as a beneficiary of support, unless otherwise determined under court decision;

j) labour relations have been originated between the member of the Board of Trustees, as the parent of the pupil, and the public school;

k) the member of the Board of Trustees becomes a member of the Administration.

2. The position of a dismissed member of the Board of Trustees shall be occupied for the remaining period by a parent and/or a member of the Teacher Council who has obtained more votes than other candidates in the elections, but whose votes were not enough for the election to the Board.

3. The authority of the Board of Trustees shall be terminated:

a) in case of reorganisation of public schools which includes merger/acquisition of public schools or division/separation of one school;

a¹) in case of expiration of the three-year term of office of the Board of Trustees;

b) by the decision of the Ministry in the cases determined by Article 26(1)(p) of this Law;

c) by the decision of the Ministry, if the Board of Trustees fails to fulfil its obligations imposed under the legislation of Georgia.

4. A general education institution shall be obliged to submit the documents, identifying the grounds determined by paragraph 1 of this article, to the Education Management Information System in an electronic form according to the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia.

5. If the grounds determined by paragraph 1(c) of this article become void the authority of a member of the Board of Trustees whose authority has been terminated, shall be restored.

6. The authority of the Board of Trustees shall be suspended if the authority of more than half of the elected members of the Board of Trustees is terminated before its expiration and there is no other candidate, who have earned more votes than other candidates in the respective elections but not enough to be elected as a member of the Board, or if, at that moment, such candidate no longer meets the requirements established by the legislation of Georgia for a candidate of the appropriate category member of the Board of Trustees or if such candidate refused in writing to become a member of the Board of Trustees.

7. The authority of the Board of Trustees, whose authority has been suspended, shall be resumed if the elections of the Board of Trustees are held according to the procedure established by the Ministry for the vacant positions of the Board members, whose authority has been terminated before its expiration.

Law of Georgia No 4129 of 27 December 2006 – LHG I, No 49, 29.12.2006, Art. 372

Law of Georgia No 497 of 18 November 2008 – LHG I, No 33, 1.12.2008, Art. 211

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 4321 of 9 March 2011 – website, 22.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 5511 of 20 December 2011 – website, 28.12.2011

Law of Georgia No 5513 of 20 December 2011 – website, 28.12.2011

Law of Georgia No 3372 of 20 March 2015 – website, 31.3.2015

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 2753 of 29 June 2018 – website, 19.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Chapter VIII – Administration of a General Education Institution

Article 41 – Administration

1. A school Administration shall comprise the school principal, his/her deputy/deputies and the accountants.

2. A school principal elected or appointed under this Law may be a citizen of Georgia, who has higher education and three years of working experience and meets requirements determined by the legislation of Georgia. A school principal shall be elected/appointed for a term of six years. A school principal may be elected/appointed at the same school only for two consecutive terms.

2¹. At the institutions determined by Article 27(1²) of this Law:

a) a school principal may be a military service member who is appointed and dismissed by the Minister of Defence of Georgia. The rights and obligations of a school principal laid down by Chapter VIII of this Law shall not apply to this principal except for the functions determined by Article 43 of that Chapter;

b) the appointment and dismissal of a school principal, a deputy principal, including a deputy principal who is an acting principal, or in case of absence of the position of a deputy principal - of any employee of the school who may perform the duties of the school principal if the school principal/the acting principal fails to perform his/her official duties, shall be registered in the Education Management Information System.

2². A principal/acting principal may not be a person previously convicted for committing an intentional crime, and whose conviction has not been removed.

3. A school principal/an acting school principal shall appoint a deputy principal, or in case of absence of the position of an acting principal - any employee of the school who shall perform the duties of the school principal if the school principal/the acting principal fails to perform his/her official duties, and shall submit this information to the Education Management Information System for registration.

4. If the authority of a school principal is terminated or a school principal fails to perform his/her official duties within 60 school days, the Minister shall be authorised to appoint and dismiss an acting school principal. Before appointment of an acting school principal, the duties of the school principal shall be performed by a person registered in the Education Management Information System as provided for by paragraph 3 of this article.

4¹. The election of a school principal or the appointment of a school principal/acting school principal shall cause early termination of the authority of the school deputy principal/deputy principals.

5. The position of a school principal shall be incompatible with any other paid work at the same school. As an exception, a school principal may perform teaching activities as provided for by law, if he/she has the right to perform teaching activities under the legislation of Georgia.

6. An Arts Director of a general education institution that carries out specialised art education and training programmes, may exercise the powers of a school principal.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 497 of 18 November 2008 – LHG I, No 33, 1.12.2008, Art. 211

Law of Georgia No 3068 of 4 May 2010 – LHG I, No 27, 24.5.2010, Art. 187

Law of Georgia No 3442 of 16 July 2010 – LHG I, No 44, 28.7.2010, Art. 273

Law of Georgia No 4321 of 9 March 2011 – website, 22.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 4488 of 5 April 2011 – website, 15.4.2011

Law of Georgia No 4791 of 17 June 2011 – website, 28.6.2011

Law of Georgia No 5511 of 20 December 2011 – website, 28.12.2011

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 42 – The procedure for election of a school principal

1. The Ministry shall select a candidate for the position of a school principal according to the procedure determined by the Ministry, on the basis of an open competition and in compliance with the principles of transparency, equality and fair competition.

1¹. The Ministry shall have the right to fix a fee for participation in the competition in order to organise the competition for the election of a public school principal.

2. A Board of Trustees shall elect a school principal by a majority of members on the list, by secret ballot and through free and equal elections from candidates who have participated in the competition and are nominated by the Ministry.

2¹. Disputed acts related to a competition for selection of a school principal shall be appealed to court which shall not suspend the disputed acts.

3. If a candidate for the school principal is a member of the Board of Trustees he/she may not participate in the ballot.

4. The Board of Trustees shall submit the protocol of electing the school principal and a copy of the identity document of the elected person to the Education Management Information System for registration. The authority of the school principal shall arise from the moment of registration with the Education Management Information System. The decision of the Education Management Information System with regard to the registration of the principal may be appealed to the court and appealing of the decision shall not suspend the effect of a disputed act.

5. The Board of Trustees shall conclude an employment contract with the elected principal according to the terms of agreement approved by the Ministry.

6. If the Board of Trustees fails to elect a principal under the election procedures for the public school principals, the Ministry shall be authorised to appoint a school principal within its discretionary powers. The decision of the Ministry appointing a school principal may be appealed to court, which shall not suspend the disputed act.

7. (Deleted – 5.4.2011, No 4488).

Law of Georgia No 4129 of 27 December 2006 – LHG I, No 49, 29.12.2006, Art. 372

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 790 of 19 December 2008 – LHG I, No 40, 29.12.2008, Art. 257

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 3442 of 16 July 2010 – LHG I, No 44, 28.7.2010, Art. 273

Law of Georgia No 4321 of 9 March 2011 – website, 22.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 4488 of 5 April 2011 – website, 15.4.2011

Law of Georgia No 5511 of 20 December 2011 – website, 28.12.2011

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 2753 of 29 June 2018 – website, 19.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 43 – Functions of a school principal

1. A school principal shall:

a) manage the school;

b) represent the school in relations with third parties, except for the cases determined by this Law and the statute of the school;

c) submit internal regulations and budget of the school to the Board of Trustees for approval;

d) draw up a staff list of the school;

d¹) have the right to define the qualification requirements for invited teachers and supply teachers;

e) participate in drawing up the School Curriculum by a Teacher Council;

f) conclude and fulfil agreements with teachers and other school personnel according to the conditions and procedures approved by the Ministry;

g) have the right to terminate an employment contract with a school teacher before its expiration, in case of violation of the contractual conditions, any improper conduct for teaching activities or incompetence proved in accordance with the legislation;

g¹) have the right to terminate an employment contract with a teacher who is a member of a Board of Trustees, only with the consent of the Board of Trustees;

g²) take a leave of absence with the consent of an appropriate territorial body of the Ministry; in the territory of the Autonomous Republics of Abkhazia and Ajara a school principal may take a leave of absence with the consent of an appropriate ministry in the field of education. An appropriate territorial body of the Ministry shall have a discretionary power to discontinue a leave of absence of a school principal; an appropriate ministry in the field of education shall have a discretionary power to discontinue a leave of absence of a school principal in the territory of the Autonomous Republics of Abkhazia and Ajara. A principal of a school carrying out military training programmes may take a leave of absence with the consent of the Ministry of Defence of Georgia and his/her leave may be discontinued by the Ministry of Defence of Georgia within its discretionary power;

h) submit to the Board of Trustees a report on the study process before 10th of December of every year and a financial report within the time frames determined by the legislation of Georgia;

i) be authorised to conclude agreements, including agreements regarding school property, except for transactions that require the consent of the Board of Trustees or a controlling body of the school under the statute of the school or the legislation of Georgia;

j) review complaints and take appropriate measures as provided for by the statute of the school;

j¹) cooperate with the LEPL Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions and a resource officer of an educational institution in order to ensure safety and public order at the school;

j²) have the right to submit a substantiated application to the head of the LEPL Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions in the case of improper performance of his/her duties by a resource officer of an educational institution;

k) supervise the study and mentoring processes at the school;

k¹) communicate information on a fact of an alleged commission of violence against women and/or domestic violence to an appropriate authorised person defined by him/her if there is a danger of repeated violence;

l) develop a draft statute of the school and submit it to the Board of Trustees for approval; also submit the agreed draft statute of the school to the Ministry for approval;

m) upon assignment by the Board of Trustees, apply to and enter into an agreement with the LEPL National Assessment and Examinations Center in order to organise school leaving examinations in accordance with the National Curriculum;

m¹) perform the functions of the managing bodies of a public school before establishing the first Board of Trustees of a newly founded and/or reorganised public school;

m²) perform the functions of the Board of Trustees of a public school in case of dismissal of, termination of authority of, or failure to elect the Board of Trustees and also upon the failure to exercise its authority by the Board of Trustees under the legislation of Georgia;

n) perform other functions determined by the legislation of Georgia and the statute of the school.

2. A school principal shall issue individual legal acts as provided for by the legislation of Georgia and the statute of the school.

3. A school principal may exercise the powers determined by this article in coordination with a Military Head or an Art Director, respectively under the statutes of general education institutions, which carry out military or specialised arts training and educational programmes.

4. An appropriate authorised person defined by the school principal shall communicate to the police and/or other authorised bodies the information received by him/her based on Article 201 of this Law, paragraph 1(k¹) of this article and Article 48³(3) of this Law, which concerns the fact of alleged commission of violence against women and/or domestic violence if there is a danger of repeated violence.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 4129 of 27 December 2006 – LHG I, No 49, 29.12.2006, Art. 372

Law of Georgia No 4530 of 28 March 2007 – LHG I, No 15, 23.4.2007, Art. 119

Law of Georgia No 497 of 18 November 2008 – LHG I, No 33, 1.12.2008, Art. 211

Law of Georgia No 3068 of 4 May 2010 – LHG I, No 27, 24.5.2010, Art. 187

Law of Georgia No 3442 of 16 July 2010 – LHG I, No 44, 28.7.2010, Art. 273

Law of Georgia No 4044 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 75, 27.12.2010, Art. 466

Law of Georgia No 387 of 22 March 2013 – website, 2.4.2013

Law of Georgia No 918 of 6 August 2013 – website, 20.8.2013

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 773 of 4 May 2017 – website, 25.5.2017

Law of Georgia No 2523 of 13 June 2018 – website, 29.6.2018

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 3243 of 20 July 2018 – website, 10.8.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 3524 of 21 September 2023 – website, 12.10.2023

Article 44 – Termination of authority of a school principal

1. The powers of a public school principal shall be terminated by an appropriately authorised body in the cases and according to the procedure determined by the legislation of Georgia and/or the employment contract. Under the legislation of Georgia, the powers of a public school principal may also be terminated upon reaching retirement age. The grounds and procedures for termination of powers (including termination of an employment contract) of a public school principal may not differ for school principals elected and appointed under the legislation of Georgia.

2. The powers of a school principal shall be terminated after registration of the respective decision by the Education Management Information System.

3. Before the election of a school principal or the appointment of a school principal by the Ministry, the functions of the school principal shall be performed by an acting school principal appointed by the Ministry.

4. Before the appointment of a school principal at a general education institution that carries out military training programmes, the functions of the school principal shall be performed by a person determined by an individual administrative act of the Minister of Defence of Georgia.

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 3068 of 4 May 2010 – LHG I, No 27, 24.5.2010, Art. 187

Law of Georgia No 3442 of 16 July 2010 – LHG I, No 44, 28.7.2010, Art. 273

Law of Georgia No 4321 of 9 March 2011 – website, 22.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 4488 of 5 April 2011 – website, 15.4.2011

Law of Georgia No 5511 of 20 December 2011 – website, 28.12.2011

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 3524 of 21 September 2023 – website, 12.10.2023

Chapter IX – Teacher Council of a General Education Institution

Article 45 – Teacher Council

1. All teachers and beginning teachers in a Teacher Council shall enjoy equal rights to vote. A meeting of the Teacher Council shall be authorised, if attended by more than half of the members of the Council.

2. One third of the members of the Teacher Council shall have the right to convene a meeting of the Teacher Council, to require a hearing of its representative to the Board of Trustees.

3. A Teacher Council is headed by a chairperson of the Teacher Council who shall be elected for a term of three years by a majority of members on the list. The chairperson of the Teacher Council shall convene and lead the meetings of the Teacher Council.

4. Individual working groups shall be formed within a Teacher Council regarding issues within its authority, which perform the instructions of the Council and are accountable to the Council.

5. A teacher Council shall make decisions by a majority of votes, with not less than one third of the total votes.

6. At general education institutions that carry out specialised arts educational and training programmes, the powers of a Teacher Council may be exercised by an Arts Council. The Arts Council is headed by a head of the Arts Council who shall be elected/appointed in accordance with the procedure determined by statute.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Article 46 – Functions of a Teacher Council

A Teacher Council shall:

a) together with a school principal develop a School Curriculum and approve it in coordination with the Board of Trustees as provided for by the National Curriculum;

a¹) approve an Individual Curriculum in coordination with the school principal, if necessary;

b) in coordination with the Board of Trustees approve the teaching materials, including a list of approved textbooks selected by the teachers for use during the school year according to educational levels and subjects;

b¹) elect a facilitator for the professional development of a teacher;

c) elect its representatives to the Board of Trustees;

d) be authorised to re-elect its representative to the Board of Trustees ahead of time.

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Law of Georgia No 4734 of 3 June 2011 – website, 22.6.2011

Law of Georgia No 5349 of 25 November 2011 – website, 6.12.2011

Law of Georgia No 4619 of 11 December 2015 – website, 22.12.2015

Chapter X – Self-government of Pupils of General Education Institutions

Article 47 – Self-government of Pupils

1. A Self-government of Pupils is a body elected under this Law and the statute of a school and represents the structural unit of the school.

2. Pupils at basic and secondary educational levels shall elect their self-government bodies.

3. The elections of the Self-government of Pupils shall be held on the basis of equality, by secret ballot, under the principles of transparency and equal representation of pupils according to their grades.

4. A Self-government of Pupils is headed by a chairperson elected by the Self-government.

Article 48 – Functions of the Self-government of Pupils

The Self-government of Pupils shall:

a) develop recommendations regarding internal regulations of a school;

b) be authorised to submit suggestions to a Board of Trustees regarding all important issues for the school;

c) elect its representative to the Board of Trustees;

d) participate in the disposal of grants obtained as provided for by the statute of the school and the legislation of Georgia;

e) establish school clubs upon the initiative of one-fifth of its members.

Chapter X¹ – Resource Officers of Educational Institutions, the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions

Law of Georgia No 3544 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 46, 4.8.2010, Art. 291

Law of Georgia No 4204 of 22 February 2011 – website, 10.3.2011

Article 48¹ – Resource officers of educational institutions, the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions

1. The Ministry shall establish within its system a Legal Entity under Public Law the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions ('the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions'). The objectives of the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions are to:

a) ensure safety and public order at public schools and to cooperate with public schools for that purpose;

b) ensure safety and public order at the entrepreneurial and non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entities under private law educational institutions on the basis of agreements;

c) ensure safety and public order at legal entities under public law within the Ministry on the basis of agreements;

d) provide psychological and social services to the pupils with special educational needs, students and vocational students with psychological and social problems, behavioural and emotional disorders, and their parents, as well as provide psychological services to the representatives of educational institutions and/or the teachers;

e) coordinate the activities of and provide information support to the psychologists working at the territorial bodies of the Ministry and/or at public schools;

f) participate in the planning and implementation of the measures to be taken in readiness for disasters (fire, flood, earthquake, etc.), the campaigns aiming at popularisation of healthy lifestyle, and anti-violence (including anti-bullying) educational campaigns and other preventive measures;

g) determine the need for and organise various safety trainings within its competence;

h) give recommendations to the educational institutions on the issues of ensuring safety and public order at the educational institutions;

h¹) facilitate/support the process of inclusive education at educational institutions;

h²) implement/develop the programmes/services and projects in the field of inclusive education;

h³) facilitate the development of specialists/human resources working with persons with special educational needs, and the respective methodology;

h⁴) within the framework of psychoeducational assessment and consultation, identify the special educational needs of a person/pupil, and provide consultations to him/her, his/her parent/legal representative, educational institution, and specialists working in the area of inclusive education;

i) cooperate with schools in the process of performing its duties determined by this paragraph.

1¹. In order to ensure safety and public order at educational institutions, the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions shall, together with the Ministry, cooperate with the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia for the purpose of exchanging information and planning various preventive measures.

2. General management and control over the activities of the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions shall be carried out by the Minister.

3. A legally competent citizen of Georgia with no record of convictions, who has attained the age of 21, has a complete general education and a vocational education or a higher education, knows the official language, has an adequate status of health to perform the official duties and has undergone a training programme approved by a joint order of the Minister of Internal Affairs of Georgia and the Minister as provided for by the legislation of Georgia, may be appointed as a resource officer of an educational institution. In addition to other components, the training programme shall include the regularities of development of pupils/students by age and the professional obligations and values, as well as physical training and practical components of the resource officers of educational institutions.

3¹. A resource officer of an educational institution shall be appointed and dismissed by the head of the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions.

4. Resource officers of educational institutions shall wear uniforms when performing their official duties. The uniform of the Resource officers of educational institutions shall be approved by the Minister.

5. In order to provide psychological and social services to persons referred to in Article 48¹(1)(d) of this Law, including for the purpose of their identification, biopsychosocial assessment, prevention of psychological and social problems/difficulties, psychotherapy, support in socialisation, and referral, the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions shall process personal data in compliance with the Law of Georgia on Personal Data Protection, in the amount and within the time frames necessary for the achievement of the purposes of this paragraph.

6. In order to ensure psychoeducational assessment and consultation of persons referred to in Article 48¹(1)(h⁴) of this Law, including for the purpose of their identification, assessment, consultation, prevention of educational, psychological and social problems/difficulties, support in transition, and referral, the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions shall process personal data in compliance with the Law of Georgia on Personal Data Protection, in the amount and within the time frames necessary for the achievement of the purposes of this paragraph.

Law of Georgia No 3544 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 46, 4.8.2010, Art. 291

Law of Georgia No 4204 of 22 February 2011 – website, 10.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 5349 of 25 November 2011 – website, 6.12.2011

Law of Georgia No 173 of 27 December 2012 – website, 8.1.2013

Law of Georgia No 2523 of 13 June 2018 – website, 29.6.2018

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 3663 of 15 November 2023 – website, 5.12.2023

Article 48² – Head of the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions

1. A head of the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions shall be appointed and dismissed by the Minister.

2. A person with a higher education shall be appointed as a head of the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions.

3. A head of the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions shall:

a) manage the activities of the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions, be responsible for the fulfilment of the objectives of the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions;

b) ensure timely and proper performance of the instructions of the Minister;

b¹) appoint and dismiss resource officers of educational institutions in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of Georgia; have the right to perform rotation of the resource officers of educational institutions; review a substantiated application of a school principal determined by Article 43(1)(j²) of this Law and make a decision as provided for by the legislation of Georgia;

c) give appropriate instructions to resource officers of educational institutions regarding performance of their official duties;

d) submit to the Minister recommendations and statistical reports on the performance of the resource officers;

d¹) manage and coordinate the measures to be implemented in the area of inclusive education and psychological and social services;

e) exercise other powers determined by the statute of the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions.

Law of Georgia No 3544 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 46, 4.8.2010, Art. 291

Law of Georgia No 4204 of 22 February 2011 – website, 10.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 2523 of 13 June 2018 – website, 29.6.2018

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 3663 of 15 November 2023 – website, 5.12.2023

Article 48³ – Rights and obligations of the resource officers of educational institutions

1. Rights and obligations of the resource officers of educational institutions are to:

a) monitor an educational institution and its adjacent territory;

b) prevent offences committed and identified at an educational institution and/or its adjacent territory, and notify appropriate law enforcement bodies in this regard;

c) communicate, conduct individual interviews with and monitor the conduct of pupils/students with social behavioural difficulties upon the request of a Board of Trustees, a Teacher Council, an Administration, teachers, a school principal or academic personnel of the educational institution;

d) provide the pupils/students with information on civil defence, traffic safety, administrative offences and criminal offences and their consequences;

e) inform parents of pupils/students and appropriately authorised persons of the educational institution regarding the conduct of pupils/students with social behavioural difficulties;

f) assist in the protection and evacuation of pupils/students, personnel and other persons staying in educational institutions in the case of a disaster (fire, flood, earthquake, etc.), as well as to participate in the planning, preparation and implementation of the measures to be taken in readiness for a disaster;

f¹) participate in the planning and implementation of campaigns aiming at popularisation of healthy lifestyle, anti-violence (including anti-bullying) educational campaigns and other preventive measures;

g) mediate confrontations between pupils/students; identify conflict situations and resolve them;

h) participate in meetings with the parents of pupils/students with social behavioural difficulties;

i) ensure order and discipline in the territory of an educational institution independently or together with the Administration of the educational institution;

j) prepare a violation report of general education institutions according to forms approved by the Ministry on offences identified in a general education institution, and submit the report to an authorised person of the educational institution and to a head of the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions;

k) create an electronic data-base of the violations identified in a general education institution;

k¹) administer the video surveillance system of a general education institution;

k²) isolate a pupil in the cases determined by this Law;

l) carry out a non-intrusive examination with a hand held metal detector in order to identify an item prohibited by the legislation of Georgia, an instrument of an alleged offence/disciplinary offence, an item that has traces of an alleged offence/disciplinary offence, an item or valuable possessions acquired as a result of an alleged offence/disciplinary offence, as well as an item and a document necessary for determining the circumstances of an alleged offence/disciplinary offence;

m) (deleted – 13.6.2018, No 2523).

2. When exercising the powers and performing the duties determined by paragraph 1 of this article, a resource officer of an educational institution shall cooperate with a school. At the same time, upon invitation, a resource officer of an educational institution shall attend meetings of the structural units of an educational institution and express his/her opinions regarding the issues within his/her authority.

3. A resource officer of an educational institution shall communicate to an appropriate authorised person defined by the school principal the information on a fact of alleged commission of violence against women and/or domestic violence if there is a danger of repeated violence.

Law of Georgia No 3544 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 46, 4.8.2010, Art. 291

Law of Georgia No 4204 of 22 February 2011 – website, 10.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 173 of 27 December 2012 – website, 8.1.2013

Law of Georgia No 773 of 4 May 2017 – website, 25.5.2017

Law of Georgia No 2523 of 13 June 2018 – website, 29.6.2018

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 48⁴ – Legal protection of resource officers of educational institutions

1. During the performance of official duties, resource officers of educational institutions shall be protected by law. During the performance of official duties the legal requirements of resource officers are binding on all pupils.

2. No one shall have the right to interfere with the official activities of resource officers of educational institutions except as provided for by law.

3. Impeding, infringing honour and dignity, resisting, threatening, demonstrating violence and infringing upon the life, health or property of a resource officer of an educational institution while he/she is performing his/her official duties shall result in liabilities provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

4. Resource officers of educational institutions shall perform their official duties as provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

5. Resource officers of educational institutions shall have the right to apply to a court in order to defend their rights and freedoms.

Law of Georgia No 3544 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 46, 4.8.2010, Art. 291

Law of Georgia No 4204 of 22 February 2011 – website, 10.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 173 of 27 December 2012 – website, 8.1.2013

Article 48⁵ – Social protection of resource officers of educational institutions

1. Resource officers of educational institutions shall be subject to compulsory state insurance.

2. The damage inflicted on a resource officer of an educational institution when performing his/her official duties shall be fully compensated from the State Budget of Georgia as provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

3. If a resource officer of an educational institution dies while performing his/her official duties a lump sum of not more than GEL 15 000 shall be allocated from the State Budget of Georgia to the resource officer's family (heirs). Burial expenses of a resource officer of an educational insinuation shall be covered by the State.

4. If a resource officer of an educational institution is maimed and/or becomes disabled while performing his/her official duties, he/she shall be granted a lump sum of not more than GEL 7 000 based on the degree of severity of the injury as provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

5. Pension benefits shall be paid to resource officers of educational institutions under the legislation of Georgia.

6. Additional measures and benefits of social protection, which are not prescribed by this Law, may be determined for resource officers of educational institutions within the funds allocated from the State Budget of Georgia as provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

Law of Georgia No 3544 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 46, 4.8.2010, Art. 291

Law of Georgia No 4204 of 22 February 2011 – website, 10.3.2011

Article 48⁶ – Cases and procedures for the use of physical force by resource officers of educational institutions

1. A resource officer of an educational institution shall have the right to use physical force only in extreme cases if he/she is unable to perform official duties by the application of less severe measures. Use of physical force shall be proportionate to the threat.

2. Under paragraph 1 of this article a resource officer of an educational institution shall have the right to use physical force in the following cases:

a) to prevent an offence;

b) if the lives and/or health of the persons staying at the educational institution and its adjacent areas are in danger;

c) to seize an offender in order to hand him/her over to the law enforcement bodies in the cases determined by the legislation of Georgia if there are sufficient grounds to believe that he/she may hide or harm others.

3. Before using physical force a resource officer of an educational institution must:

a) warn a person regarding the use of physical force and give him/her a reasonable period of time to fulfil the requirements of the resource officer of an educational institution, unless the delay may put the life and health of the resource officer of an educational institution or any other person in danger, or cause other severe consequences, or if it is impossible to warn the person;

b) use physical force in proportion to the nature of the danger in order to inflict minimum damage;

c) in any case, notify in writing the Ministry through the head of the Office of Resource Officers of Educational Institutions within 24 hours after using physical force;

d) not put life and health of others in danger.

4. The physical force may not be used against pregnant women and persons with disabilities, unless their activities pose an obvious threat to the life and health of a resource officer of an educational institution or other persons.

5. In the case of using physical force against a pupil, the school principal and the parent of the pupil shall be immediately notified in this regards.

6. If a resource officer of an educational institution uses physical force, a protocol on the use of physical force by the resource officer of an educational institution shall be drawn up. In addition to other information, the protocol must include substantiation of the necessity of using physical force.

Law of Georgia No 3544 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 46, 4.8.2010, Art. 291

Law of Georgia No 4204 of 22 February 2011 – website, 10.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 173 of 27 December 2012 – website, 8.1.2013

Law of Georgia No 2523 of 13 June 2018 – website, 29.6.2018

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Chapter X² – Referral of Minors

Law of Georgia No 5666 of 28 December 2011 - website, 12.1.2012

Law of Georgia No 5406 of 29 November 2019 – website, 10.12.2019

Article 48⁷ – Transferring minors with challenging behaviour to a minors’ referral institution

1. This Chapter regulates the issues of making, executing and revising decisions on transferring minors with challenging behaviour to a minors’ referral institution.

2. The issue of advisability of transferring minors to a minors’ referral institution shall be reviewed by a group of specialists of the Minors’ Referral Centre (‘the Group of Specialists’).

3. Based on the best interests of minors, a minor from 10 to 18 years of age may be transferred to the Minors’ Referral Centre for the period of time specified in an appropriate petition of the Group of Specialists. The period of time shall not exceed one academic semester, except if the period of stay of a minor at the Minors’ Referral Centre is prolonged in accordance with Article 48 ​ ⁹ of this Law.

4. The issue of advisability of transferring a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre may not be reviewed if the minor attains the age of 18 within six months from the date of review of the issue by the Group of Specialists.

5. The Group of Specialists shall review the issue of advisability of transferring a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre if:

a) a legal representative/factual custodian of a minor refuses to conclude an agreement with the Minors’ Referral Centre;

b) a legal representative/factual custodian of a minor refuses a minor to continue participation in the measures determined by the agreement concluded with the Minors’ Referral Centre;

c) according to a final report of the Minors’ Referral Centre, the goal of other service/programme, selected for a minor by the Minors’ Referral Centre, has not been reached;

d) according to the standard of reasonable belief it has been proven that a minor has committed an intentional act, determined by the special part of the Criminal Code of Georgia, for which the punishment exceeding 10 years of imprisonment or life imprisonment is prescribed.

6. The Group of Specialists shall review and make a decision on the issue of advisability of transferring a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre within 15 days after receiving a respective application, in accordance with the procedure for referral of minors.

7. In the process of reviewing the issue of advisability of transferring a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre, the Group of Specialists shall examine an individual assessment report of the minor and other documents obtained by the Minors’ Referral Centre, hear the author of application to the Minors’ Referral Centre and the minor himself/herself, as well as the legal representative/factual custodian of the minor and the author of the individual assessment report of the minor. If necessary, the Group of Specialists may decide to hear other persons as well.

8. After analysing the documents specified in paragraph 7 of this article and other information, the Group of Specialists shall make a substantiated written decision:

a) on the inadvisability of transferring a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre;

b) on the advisability of transferring a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre.

9. A decision on advisability of transferring a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre shall be made only if other measures are not sufficient for socialisation and rehabilitation of and crime prevention in the minor with challenging behaviour.

10. A decision on inadvisability of transferring a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre or a decision on advisability of transferring a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre, made by the Group of Specialists, shall be informed to the legal representative/factual custodian of a minor. The Minors’ Referral Centre shall enter the information on the decision of the Group of Specialists in the unified information database.

11. If a decision is made on the advisability of transferring a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre, the Group of Specialists shall, within 10 calendar days after making the decision, submit a petition to a court in accordance with the procedure established by the Administrative Procedure Code of Georgia. It is not necessary to submit a petition to a court if the legal representative/factual custodian of a minor agrees to the decision of the Group of Specialists and executes the decision within the period of time determined by the Group of Specialists.

12. If the Group of Specialists makes a decision on the inadvisability of transferring a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre, the decision shall determine the issue of engagement of the minor in other service/programme. The decision of the Group of Specialists on the inadvisability of transferring a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre shall be final and may not be appealed.

13. The Group of Specialists shall be authorised to revise its decision on inadvisability of transferring a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre if the circumstances specified in paragraph 5(a-c) of this article change.

Law of Georgia No 5666 of 28 December 2011 – website, 12.1.2012

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 5406 of 29 November 2019 – website, 10.12.2019

Article 48⁸ – Execution of a decision on transferring a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre

1. A decision to transfer a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre shall be executed by the legal representative/factual custodian of the minor or, if the legal representative/factual custodian of the minor fails to execute the decision within the time frames determined by the court, by an authorised person of the minors’ referral institution, with the participation of a social worker of the Legal Entity under Public Law called the Agency for State Care and Assistance for the (Statutory) Victims of Human Trafficking operating under the state control of the Ministry of Internally Displaced Persons from the Occupied Territories, Labour, Health and Social Affairs of Georgia, on the basis of the application of the Minors’ Referral Centre.

2. If a bailiff is prevented from executing a decision on transferring a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre, he/she shall have the right to apply to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia in order to execute the decision. If a person prevents a bailiff from executing a decision on transferring a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre, the person shall be liable in accordance with the Administrative Offences Code of Georgia.

Law of Georgia No 5666 of 28 December 2011 – website, 12.1.2012

Law of Georgia No 5406 of 29 November 2019 – website, 10.12.2019

Law of Georgia No 3663 of 15 November 2023 – website, 5.12.2023

Article 48⁹ – Revision of a decision on transferring a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre

1. An authorised person of the minors’ referral institution shall provide the Group of Specialists with information on the positive results achieved by a minor and on the existing difficulties not later than 15 calendar days prior to the expiration of the period of stay of the minor at the minors’ referral institution, according to the procedure determined by the Minors’ Referral Centre. On the basis of the information obtained from the Minors’ Referral Centre and, if necessary, also on the basis of the interviews with the minor and with other persons, the Group of Specialists shall be authorised, within not later than 15 calendar days after receiving the application, to make a decision on termination, modification or extension of the measure applied against the minor.

2. The period of stay of a minor at the Minors’ Referral Centre shall be extended if, despite positive results, psycho-social rehabilitation of the minor has not fully completed and other measures are not sufficient for socialisation and rehabilitation of and crime prevention in the minor with challenging behaviour.

3. A decision on transferring a minor to the Minors’ Referral Centre shall be annulled if referral to that institution is no longer necessary for the socialisation and rehabilitation of and crime prevention in the minor with challenging behaviour.

4. If a decision is made on advisability of extension of the period of stay of a minor at the Minors’ Referral Centre, the Group of Specialists shall submit to a court a petition according to the procedure established by the Administrative Procedure Code of Georgia. It is not necessary to submit a petition to a court if the legal representative/factual custodian of a minor agrees to the decision of the Group of Specialists and does not prevent its execution.

Law of Georgia No 5666 of 28 December 2011 – website, 12.1.2012

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 5406 of 29 November 2019 – website, 10.12.2019

Chapter XI – State Control, Property, Funding, Accountability and Accounting of General Education Institutions

Article 49 – State control

1. State control of schools shall be performed by the Ministry, other state control bodies determined by the legislation of Georgia and the authorised ministries in the field of education of the Autonomous republics of Abkhazia and Ajara in the cases determined by the legislation of Georgia, including by this Law.

2. State control includes supervision of the observance of the legislation of Georgia and individual administrative acts of the Ministry by general education institutions.

3. Before the beginning of the following academic year a public school shall submit to the Ministry a progress report for the previous year on the observance of the legislation of Georgia and the study process. The forms and time frames for submitting a report shall be determined by the Ministry.

4. In order to perform the control determined by this Law, the Ministry shall request documents and information or conduct an on-site study of the observance of the legislation of Georgia and the individual administrative acts of the Ministry.

5. The school must submit to the Ministry the requested information within 15 days after the request.

6. If structural units of a public school determined by Article 35(2) of this Law violate the legislation of Georgia or the individual administrative acts of the Ministry, the Ministry shall, or in the Autonomous Republics of Abkhazia or Ajara, an appropriate ministry shall have the right to issue to the school a written warning and/or submit an appropriate justified recommendation to the Board of Trustees regarding early termination of the powers of the school principal. The Board of Trustees shall review the issue of early termination of powers of a school principal within the time limits specified in the recommendation of the Ministry, or in the Autonomous Republics of Abkhazia or Ajara, of an appropriate ministry.

6¹. The Board of Trustees shall be obliged to justify its decision if it does not terminate the powers of a school principal before expiration of his/her term of office in cases determined by paragraph 6 of this article. The Ministry shall be authorised to reject the decision of the Board of Trustees and terminate the powers of the school principal before expiration of his/her term of office. An interested party may appeal the recommendation determined by paragraph 6 of this article together with the final decision regarding early termination of the powers of the school principal.

6². Legal acts issued by the Ministry, and, in the Autonomous Republics of Abkhazia or Ajara, legal acts issued by an appropriate ministry, regarding the issues determined by paragraphs 6, 6¹ and 7 of this article may be appealed to a court, which shall not suspend the disputed acts.

7. The Ministry, or in the Autonomous Republics of Abkhazia or Ajara, an appropriate ministry shall have the right to:

a) dismiss a Board of Trustees if the legislation of Georgia was violated by its activities at a public school;

b) terminate the powers of a school principal before expiration of his/her term of office, if a public school received two written warnings during a year due to the activities of the school principal;

c) terminate the powers of an acting school principal before expiration of his/her term of office, if a public school received two written warnings during a year due to the activities of the acting school principal;

d) dismiss a Board of Trustees and/or terminate the powers of a school principal/an acting school principal before the expiration of his/her term of office, if the public school fails to eliminate the violation within the time limits set forth in the written warning.

7¹. If the powers of a school principal/an acting school principal are prematurely terminated under the procedure established by paragraph 7 of this article, the Ministry, and the relevant ministries in the Autonomous Republics of Abkhazia and Ajara, shall have the right to appoint an acting school principal. In this case the procedure determined by Article 42(6) of this Law shall apply.

8. (Deleted – 17.3.2006, No 2793).

9. If the powers of a school principal/an acting school principal are terminated before expiration of his/her term of office as provided for by paragraphs 6, 6¹ and 7 of this article, or by a Board of Trustees/the Ministry due to the violation of an employment contract by the principal/the acting principal, the person whose powers are terminated shall not have the right to occupy the position of a school principal/an acting school principal, a deputy school principal or any other position in the public school administration for three years.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 4204 of 22 February 2011 – website, 10.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 1227 of 26 July 2017 – website, 28.7.2017

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 5777 of 17 March 2020 – website, 23.3.2020

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 50 – Property of a public school

1. A public school building and an appropriate plot of land are state-owned and are transferred to the school under an open-ended and free-of-charge usufruct agreement as provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

2. A public school shall dispose of the property transferred to it by the State with the consent of the Ministry, and with the consent of the appropriate ministries of education in the territories of the Autonomous Republics of Abkhazia and Ajara as provided for by the legislation of Georgia, except for the cases determined by paragraph 3 of this article.

3. For the professional development of teachers a public school shall have the right to transfer the school area in temporary disposal to an institution carrying out accredited teacher professional development programmes.

4. A resource school determined by Article 2(z7.a) of this Law shall, in the course of performance of the functions referred to in Article 33(5) of this Law, have the right to use the area of ​​ the resource school for the participants of the offered programmes/services and consultation, including to use the boarding school area for the provision of overnight accommodation to the representatives of other municipalities/cities.

Law of Georgia No 2671 of 26 February 2010 – LHG I, No 10, 16.3.2010, Art. 36

Law of Georgia No 3530 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 47, 5.8.2010, Art. 302

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 3663 of 15 November 2023 – website, 5.12.2023

Article 51 – Funds of a general education institution

1. Schools are basically financed by issuing school vouchers under this Law and appropriate secondary legislation, and according to the procedure determined by Article 22(5) of this Law.

2. A public school shall have the right to attract other funds allowed by the legislation of Georgia, including income from economic activities unless these activities are dangerous for health and have an adverse effect on physical and moral development of pupils. Proceeds shall be spent only for the fulfilment of the objectives and functions of the school as provided for by law.

3. All income and expenditures of a school shall be reflected in its budget.

4. A school shall have an independent bank account and a seal.

Article 52 – Reporting and bookkeeping of a general education institution

1. A public school principal shall allocate funds in accordance with the school budget approved by the Board of Trustees.

2. In urgent cases a school principal shall have the right to transfer not more than 10% of the funds from one budget line item to another one without the consent of the Board of Trustees. This change must not result in a decrease of teacher salaries. If a school budget is not approved, a school principal shall have the right to make disbursements on monthly basis in an amount of not more than 1/12 of the previous year’s budget.

3. The consent of a Board of Trustees shall be required for concluding agreements the value of which exceed 5% of a school budget.

4. A public school shall prepare accounting and reporting documents on financial and economic activities as provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Chapter XI¹ – General Education Management Information System

Law of Georgia No 3443 of 20 September 2018 – website, 9.10.2018

Article 52 ​ ¹ – General Education Management Information System

1. Information on general education institutions, respective educational programmes, personal data of the personnel carrying out the educational programmes and the persons entitled to admission or admitted to the educational programmes (including data on their health status, in the cases provided for by the legislation of Georgia), as well as other information provided for by the legislation of Georgia shall be recorded in the General Education Management Information System.

2. Collecting, storing, processing, analysing and administering data by the Ministry in the General Education Management Information System shall be ensured, under established procedures and in compliance with the requirements of the Law of Georgia on Personal Data Protection, by the Education Management Information System.

3. For the purpose of performing the functions determined by paragraph 2 of this article, the Education Management Information System shall be authorised to receive and use personal data available in other legal entities under public law within the Ministry.

Law of Georgia No 3443 of 20 September 2018 – website, 9.10.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 52 ² – Obligations of general education institutions and the presumption of accuracy of the data in the General Education Management Information System

1. A general education institution shall be obliged to enter appropriate information in the General Education Management Information System within the time frame established by the legislation of Georgia.

2. The failure of a general education institution to enter appropriate information in the General Education Management Information System in a timely manner may serve as grounds for suspending a respective action to be carried out based on the data in the General Education Management Information System or for refusing to carry out such action.

3. In the case of a discrepancy between the information in the legal acts of a general education institution and the respective information incorporated in the General Education Management Information System, the data in the General Education Management Information System shall take precedence.

4. The forms of confirming the information entered in the General Education Management Information System may be determined in cases provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

Law of Georgia No 3443 of 20 September 2018 – website, 9.10.2018

Article 52 ³ – Responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of information entered in the General Education Management Information System

An entity that has an obligation to enter information in the General Education Management Information System shall be responsible for the accuracy and completeness of the information entered in the system.

Law of Georgia No 3443 of 20 September 2018 – website, 9.10.2018

Chapter XII – Transitional and Final Provisions

Article 53 – Invalidation of normative acts upon adopting this Law

1. Upon the adoption of this Law the following shall be invalidated: Articles 4(5), 11(2), 14(2), 18(4)(n), (o), (p) and (r), 20(j), (k) and (m), 21, 22(2), 23(3)(a.b), (a.c) and (a.d), 24(5), 29(3), 40(3), and 44(4)-(5) of the Law of Georgia on Education of 27 June 1997, as well as all the rules of the mentioned law which regulate the relations governed by this Law in a different way.

2. Order No 16 of 25 February 2003 of the Minister of Education of Georgia on the Approval of the Statute of State General Education Institutions and the Accompanying Measures, and all normative acts or their parts, approved by state government bodies under the Law of Georgia on Normative Acts, which regulate the relations governed by this Law in a different way shall be invalidated.

Article 54 – Preparation of draft legal acts

1. Before the beginning of the 2007-2008 academic year, the Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia must prepare draft laws on Mentoring Activities, Vocational Education and Accreditation of Educational Institutions and Programmes.

2. (Deleted – 14.12.2006, No 3986).

3. (Deleted – 14.12.2006, No 3986).

4. Before 2015 the Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia must approve the procedures for disciplinary proceedings against teachers.

5. Before 1 October 2010 the Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia must adopt a normative act determined by Article 26(1)(s1) of this Law.

Law of Georgia No 3986 of 14 December 2006 – LHG I, No 48, 22.12.2006, Art. 353

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 2940 of 20 April 2010 – LHG I, No 23, 4.5.2010, Art. 122

Law of Georgia No 3292 of 2 July 2010 – LHG I, No 37, 14.7.2010, Art. 223

Article 55 – Mentoring and educational and mentoring institutions

1. Mentoring and educational and mentoring institutions may exist in the form of legal entities under public or private law.

2. The Ministry shall establish mentoring and educational and mentoring institutions as legal entities under public law, approve their statutes, perform their state control as well as reorganise or liquidate them and appoint and dismiss the heads of these entities.

3. Mentoring, and educational and mentoring institutions, except for early learning and preschool mentoring and educational institutions that are legal entities under public law, shall be funded from the state budget and/or other revenues allowed by the legislation of Georgia.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 5367 of 8 June 2016 – website, 24.6.2016

Law of Georgia No 494 of 23 March 2017 – website, 27.3.2017

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 56 – Out-of-school arts and sports institutions

1. Out-of-school arts and sports education institutions, which carry out only arts and sports education and training programmes without general education programmes, shall be established under the legislation of Georgia as legal entities under public law or non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entities under private law by the Ministry of Culture and Sport of Georgia that approves their statutes, performs their state control, reorganisation and liquidation, and appoints and dismisses the heads of these institutions.

2. (Deleted – 7.12.2017, No 1631).

3. Out-of-school arts and sports institutions, which carry out only arts and sports education programmes without general education programmes within the administrative territory of the Autonomous Republic of Ajara, shall be established as non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entities under private law by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport of the Autonomous Republic of Ajara that approves the statutes, appoints and dismisses the heads of these institutions.

4. A municipality shall be entitled to establish out-of-school arts and sports educational institutions as non-entrepreneurial (non-commercial) legal entities under private law, which carry out only arts and sports education programmes without general education programmes. An executive body of a municipality shall approve the statutes, appoint and dismiss the heads of such institutions.

Law of Georgia No 2014 of 28 October 2005 – LHG I, No 47, 21.11.2005, Art. 314

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 3986 of 14 December 2006 – LHG I, No 48, 22.12.2006, Art. 353

Law of Georgia No 3744 of 26 October 2010 – LHG I, No 62, 5.11.2010, Art. 384

Law of Georgia No 1631 of 7 December 2017 – website, 14.12.2017

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 6905 of 15 July 2020 – website, 28.7.2020

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 3825 of 30 November 2023 – website, 15.12.2023

Article 56¹ – Teachers of out-of-school arts and sports education institutions

1. (Deleted – 28.11.2014, No 2822).

2. Teachers of out-of-school arts or sports education institutions shall carry out professional development and career advancement in accordance with the Teacher Professional Development and Career Advancement Scheme approved by the Government of Georgia.

3. (Deleted – 28.11.2014, No 2822).

4. Out-of-school arts or sports education institutions shall perform the obligations determined by Article 33(k), (l) and (m) of this Law and shall exercise the powers granted under Article 33(g) of this Law with respect to teaching activities.

5. In order to determine the conditions and procedures for managing teaching activities of out-of-school arts or sports education institutions, the Ministry of Culture and Sport of Georgia shall participate in developing the part of the provisions of registration of teacher professional development programmes that are related to the professional development programmes of the teachers of out-of-school arts and sports education institutions.

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 1631 of 7 December 2017 – website, 14.12.2017

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 3243 of 20 July 2018 – website, 10.8.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 3825 of 30 November 2023 – website, 15.12.2023

Article 57 – Secondary vocational education institutions

1. A secondary vocational education institution may exist as a legal entity under public or private law:

a) before the beginning of the 2008-2009 academic year, if this entity has carried out secondary vocational education programmes without general education programmes for two years before the beginning of the 2006-2007 academic year;

b) before the beginning of the 2009-2010 academic year, if this entity has carried out secondary vocational education programmes without general education programmes for three years before the beginning of the 2006-2007 academic year.

1¹. A legal entity under private law shall have the right to carry out vocational education programmes within the time limits determined by paragraph 1(a) and (b) of this article without establishing another independent legal entity as provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

1². From the 2007-2008 academic year secondary vocational education institutions shall have no right to admit pupils to the first year of studies in secondary vocational education programmes.

2. The Ministry shall establish a secondary vocational education institution as a legal entity under public law and approve its statute, perform its state control, reorganisation and liquidation.

3. A secondary vocational education institution that carries out specialised arts and sports education and training programmes shall be established as a legal entity under public law by a branch ministry, which approves its statute, appoints its director, performs its state control, reorganisation and liquidation.

4. A secondary vocational education institution, which is a legal entity under public law, shall be funded from the Central State Budget, local budget and/or any other income allowed by the legislation.

5. Secondary vocational education may be acquired after the acquisition of a basic education. A legal entity under public law, as well as a legal entity under private law established with 100% state participation – secondary vocational education institutions that carry out general education programmes until the end of the 2005-2006 academic year shall have the right to issue a document certifying general education to pupils who have completed educational programmes before the end of the 2005-2006 academic year and have studied at the secondary vocational education institution for not less than two years. Until the end of the 2005-2006 academic year the general education programmes at these institutions shall be financed within the scope of programme funding.

5¹. Licensed legal entities under private law – secondary vocational education institutions shall issue a document certifying the appropriate level of general education to confirm the completion of general education programmes, except for a secondary vocational education diploma, as provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

6. Secondary vocational education institutions shall be subject to accreditation. The accreditation procedures and conditions, as well as the standards for secondary vocational education institutions shall be determined by the Ministry in coordination with a line ministry upon the recommendation of the State Accreditation Service.

7. General education programmes within the scope of secondary vocational education shall be financed under this Law, while the vocational education programmes shall be financed from the Central State Budget and/or any other income allowed by the legislation of Georgia.

Law of Georgia No 2793 of 17 March 2006 – LHG I, No 9, 31.3.2006, Art. 65

Law of Georgia No 4530 of 28 March 2007 – LHG I, No 15, 23.4.2007, Art. 119

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 58 – Establishment of general education institutions as legal entities under public law

1. The Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia shall ensure establishment of general education institutions as legal entities under public law and approval of new statutes for the existing legal entities under public law before 1 August 2005 as provided for by this Law.

2. The rules applicable to legal entities under public law shall apply to educational, mentoring and educational and mentoring institutions which are not legal entities under public or private law and are financed from the State Budget.

3. For the institutions defined by paragraph 1 of this article the Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia shall approve a unified form of a statute used as a basis for establishing these entities. The Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia shall publish a form of a statute and the list of general education institutions established on the basis of this form.

4. Within one month after adoption of this Law the Ministry of Education and Science, the Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development, the Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of Finance of Georgia shall submit to the Government of Georgia a plan for financial and legal provision of the measures required for establishment of general education institutions as legal entities under public law.

5. Article 5(4) of this Law shall enter into force gradually not later than the beginning of the 2010-2011 academic year.

6. Article 36(2) of this Law shall enter into force from the beginning of the 2011-2012 academic year.

7. Articles 26(1)(m¹), 27(11) and 29(1)(g¹) of this Law shall enter into force from the beginning of the 2011-2012 academic year.

Law of Georgia No 3986 of 14 December 2006 – LHG I, No 48, 22.12.2006, Art. 353

Law of Georgia No 5609 of 14 December 2007 – LHG I, No 46, 24.12.2007, Art. 400

Law of Georgia No 497 of 18 November 2008 – LHG I, No 33, 1.12.2008, Art. 211

Law of Georgia No 1465 of 30 March 2022 – website, 6.4.2022

Article 59 – Holding the first elections of the managing bodies of general education institutions

1. The Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia shall hold the first elections of the Boards of Trustees of public schools before the end of the 2006-2007 academic year. The first elections may be held only in accordance with the schedule and procedures approved by the Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia.

2. The entry into force of this Law shall be the basis for dismissal of the heads (principals) of all legal entities under public law, carrying out the programmes of at least one general educational level, as well as those out-of-school education institutions, carrying out only arts and sports education programmes without general education programmes, which shall be documented by an order of the Minister of Education and Science of Georgia, and in case of out-of-school arts and sports education institutions – by an order of the Minister of Culture, Monument Protection and Sport of Georgia. Before the election of a school principal under this law an acting principal shall be appointed and dismissed by the Minister of Education and Science of Georgia; an acting head (principal) of an out-of-school institution determined by Article 56 of this Law shall be appointed and dismissed by an order of the Minister of Culture, Monument Protection and Sport of Georgia before the beginning of the 2006-2007 academic year.

3. The authority of the members of a public school’s Board of Trustees shall be terminated upon the entry into force of this Law.

4. The authority of an acting school principal and the executives of the Administration of a general education institution shall be terminated upon the registration of the first elected school principal with the Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia.

5. The first elected school principal must conclude employment contracts with all teachers of his/her general education institution within one month after registration.

5¹. Legal entities under public law general education institutions, established/reorganised before 1 January 2014 by the Ministry, shall be authorised to carry out general educational activity as general education institutions/schools until the beginning of the 2030-2031 academic year, and receive funding provided for by this Law. The Ministry shall ensure gradual authorisation of these general education institutions before the beginning of the 2030-2031 academic year.

5². General education institutions, established by the Ministry as a result of the reorganisation/division of a legal entity under public law a general education institution for the purpose of obtaining the status of a general education institution, shall be authorised to carry out general educational activity as general education institutions/schools until the beginning of the 2030-2031 academic year, and receive funding provided for by this Law. The Ministry shall ensure gradual authorisation of these general education institutions before the beginning of the 2030-2031 academic year.

6. Legal entities under private law general education institutions licensed before 1 September 2010 by the Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia shall be authorised to carry out general educational activity as general education institutions and receive funding provided for by this law until the beginning of the 2015-2016 academic year. The Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia shall ensure gradual authorisation of the general education institutions before the beginning of the 2015-2016 academic year.

6¹. The Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia must establish the stages of authorisation for the general education institutions determined by paragraph 6 of this article before 1 May 2011.

7. (Deleted – 21.7.2010, No 3530).

8. (Deleted – 28.11.2014, No 2822).

9. The results of the first elections of the Boards of Trustees of public schools may be appealed to the Ministry.

Law of Georgia No 2014 of 28 October 2005 – LHG I, No 47, 21.11.2005, Art. 314

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 3530 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 47, 5.8.2010, Art. 302

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Law of Georgia No 4322 of 9 March 2011 – website, 22.3.2011

Law of Georgia No 5741 of 2 March 2012 – website, 5.3.2012

Law of Georgia No 387 of 22 March 2013 – website, 2.4.2013

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 3819 of 27 June 2015 – website, 3.7.2015

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 5746 of 17 March 2020 – website, 23.3.2020

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Law of Georgia No 3959 of 15 December 2023 – website, 25.12.2023

Article 60 – Compliance of educational programmes with general educational levels

Before the beginning of the 2006-2007 academic year, the Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia shall ensure beginning of studies at all general education institutions in accordance with the National Curriculum.

Article 60¹ – Measures to be taken before entry into force of the National Curriculum of the 2011-2012 academic year

The Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia shall be assigned to gradually take measures required for approving textbooks under the National Curriculum according to subject groups determined by Article 5(3) of this Law.

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Article 61 - (Deleted)

Law of Georgia No 4412 of 2 March 2007 – LHG I, No 8, 23.3.2007, Art. 76

Law of Georgia No 497 of 18 November 2008 – LHG I, No 33, 1.12.2008, Art. 211

Law of Georgia No 1385 of 11 July 2009 – LHG I, No 18, 23.7.2009, Art. 85

Law of Georgia No 4042 of 15 December 2010 – LHG I, No 76, 27.12.2010, Art. 491

Law of Georgia No 5741 of 2 March 2012 – website, 5.3.2012

Law of Georgia No 6448 of 12 June 2012 – website, 25.6.2012

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Article 61¹ – (Deleted)

Law of Georgia No 2940 of 20 April 2010 – LHG I, No 23, 4.5.2010, Art. 122

Law of Georgia No 6013 of 10 April 2012 – website, 20.4.2012

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Article 61² – Shift from the certification of teachers to the Teacher Professional Development and Career Advancement Scheme

1. The results of the teacher certification examinations held before the end of 2014 shall be considered in the Teacher Professional Development and Career Advancement Scheme.

2. The requirements established for the education of a teacher under Article 21³ of this Law shall be considered satisfied for:

a) a working teacher as of 1 January 2015;

b) a teacher certified as of 1 January 2015.

3. A teacher/person determined by paragraph 2 of this article shall have the right to start working as a teacher. A person holding a bachelor’s or an equivalent academic degree shall also have the right to start working as a teacher before the end of 2023, who must complete a teacher training programme or a remote teacher training course within two years after starting work as a teacher.

4. A person, who teaches at a general education institution at the beginning of 2018-2019 academic year and is not engaged in the Teacher Professional Development and Career Advancement Scheme, shall be considered as a beginning teacher.

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Law of Georgia No 4583 of 27 November 2015 – website, 10.12.2015

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Law of Georgia No 3243 of 20 July 2018 – website, 10.8.2018

Article 61³ – Shift of special educational needs teachers to the Teacher Professional Development and Career Advancement Scheme

1. Special educational needs pedagogues/special educational needs teachers, psychologists, and inclusive education coordinators, employed before 10 August 2018, who fail to meet the education requirements determined for special educational needs teachers under Article 21³(3) of this Law, shall be considered as practicing special educational needs teachers.

2. For the purpose of certification of his/her competencies, a practicing special educational needs teacher shall, before 1 January 2025, pass the examination for special educational needs teachers as provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

3. A person, who has been awarded a Master of Education or an equivalent academic degree after completion of an integrated bachelor's and master’s teacher training programme or a master’s education programme (with indication of the right to teach a subject/subjects relevant to a general educational level), shall have the right to be employed as a practicing special educational needs teacher and pass the examination for special educational needs teachers provided for by the legislation of Georgia within 2 years after starting working on the said position, not later than before 1 January 2025.

4. A person, who has the right to teach according to the higher education document, or has at least a bachelor's degree in psychology or in occupational therapy, shall have the right to be employed as a practicing special educational needs teacher and pass the examination for special educational needs teachers provided for by the legislation of Georgia within 2 years after starting working on the said position, not later than before 1 January 2025.

Law of Georgia No 3243 of 20 July 2018 – website, 10.8.2018

Law of Georgia No 1141 of 15 December 2021 – website, 24.12.2021

Law of Georgia No 2250 of 1 December 2022 – website, 14.12.2022

Article 62 – Funding for general education institutions

1. Funding for general education shall be gradually carried out from the Central State Budget under Article 22(3) of this Law not later than the 2007-2008 academic year. Until now general education shall be financed by local government bodies. General education institutions in the cities and towns, which are not contained in any region or do not have local government bodies, shall be financed by local self-government bodies. The State must pay the difference between the amount allocated by local government/self-government bodies and the financial standards determined per pupil.

2. Before the commencement of funding general education from Central State Budget under Article 22(3) of this Law the representatives of local government/self-government bodies shall have the right of deciding vote in a Board of Trustees.

3. Article 21(2) of this Law shall enter into force not later than the beginning of the 2005-2006 academic year.

Article 63 – Shift to 12-year general education

1. The Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia shall ensure gradual shift to 12-year general education from the beginning of the 2006-2007 academic year.

2. Twelve-year general education shall not apply to the pupils who are in the 11^th grade at the beginning of the 2006-2007 academic year.

3. (Deleted – 25.11.2011, No 5349).

4. (Deleted – 25.11.2011, No 5349).

Law of Georgia No 5349 of 25 November 2011 – website, 6.12.2011

Article 63¹ – Recognition of general education acquired in the occupied territories of Georgia

General education acquired in the occupied territories of Georgia shall be recognised according to the procedure determined by the Minister.

Law of Georgia No 790 of 19 December 2008 – LHG I, No 40, 29.12.2008, Art. 257

Law of Georgia No 3025 of 5 July 2018 – website, 11.7.2018

Law of Georgia No 338 of 16 Match 2021 – website, 18.3.2021

Article 63² – Disposal of the public school property allocated by the State in the territory of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia

The right determined by Article 50(2) of this Law shall be granted to the Ministry of Education of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia after the provision of appropriate conditions in the territory of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia.

Law of Georgia No 2671 of 26 February 2010 – LHG I, No 10, 16.3.2010, Art. 36

Article 63³ – Exception related to an admission age to the primary educational level in the 2014-2015 academic year

Persons who have attained the age of six before 1 January 2015, or who study in the preparatory class/division for admission to a primary educational level of general education during the 2013-2014 academic year and their age exceeds five before the beginning of the 2014-2015 academic year, shall have the right to be admitted to a primary educational level of general education in the 2014-2015 academic year.

Law of Georgia No 3442 of 16 July 2010 – LHG I, No 44, 28.7.2010, Art. 273

Law of Georgia No 2210 of 4 April 2014 – website, 14.4.2014

Article 63⁴ – Admission of students to apprenticeship programmes

A general education institution carrying out apprenticeship programmes for 1 September 2010 shall have the right to continue this educational activity before the completion of the apprenticeship programme by the students admitted to this programme. A general education institution may not admit students to apprenticeship programmes after 1 September 2010.

Law of Georgia No 3530 of 21 July 2010 – LHG I, No 47, 5.8.2010, Art. 302

Article 63⁵ – Recognition of documents certifying general education issued by unlicensed educational institutions of Georgian Apostolic Autocephalous Orthodox Church before 1 September 2010

Before 1 January 2015 the Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia and the Patriarchate of Georgia must compile a list of unlicensed educational institutions of Georgian Apostolic Autocephalous Orthodox Church whose documents certifying general education issued before 1 September 2010 are recognised by the State as provided for by the legislation of Georgia.

Law of Georgia No 2822 of 28 November 2014 – website, 15.12.2014

Article 63⁶ – Recognition of a general education programme recognised abroad in Georgia

1. A document certifying the education issued before the start of 2017-2018 academic year after completing a general education programme recognised abroad and implemented in Georgia, which was recognised by a foreign authorised institute with whom the National Center for Educational Quality Enhancement will conclude an agreement after 1 January 2017, shall be equal to a document certifying general education.

2. The education received by a person before the start of 2017-2018 academic year within a general education programme recognised abroad and implemented in Georgia, which was recognised by a foreign authorised institute with whom the National Center for Educational Quality Enhancement will conclude an agreement after 1 January 2017, shall be recognised.

Law of Georgia No 102 of 16 December 2016 – website, 5.1.2017

Article 63⁷ – Requirements to be imposed on resource officers of educational institutions

1. Article 48¹(3) of this Law shall not apply to the persons appointed as resource officers of educational institutions before 15 September 2018.

2. A resource officer of an educational institution, determined by paragraph 1 of this article, must be a legally competent citizen of Georgia with no record of convictions, who has attained the age of 20, has a complete general education, knows the official language, has an adequate status of health to perform the official duties and has undergone a training programme approved by an order of the Minister of Education and Science of Georgia that, in addition to other components, includes the regularities of development of pupils/students by age and the professional obligations and values of the resource officers of educational institutions.

Law of Georgia No 2523 of 13 June 2018 – website, 29.6.2018

Article 63⁸ – Exemption of persons, who failed to receive a document certifying complete general education, from the obligation to pass school leaving examinations

1. The persons, who had completed secondary educational level of general education and had not taken school leaving examinations before the beginning of 2018-2019 academic year, shall be awarded a school leaving certificate, a state document certifying complete general education.

2. The persons, who had completed secondary educational level of general education and had taken school leaving examinations but failed to receive positive evaluation in the subjects necessary for receiving a school leaving certificate, a document certifying complete general education, before the beginning of 2018-2019 academic year, shall be awarded a school leaving certificate, a state document certifying complete general education.

Law of Georgia No 4495 of 8 April 2019 – website, 11.4.2019

Article 63⁹ – Application of the term of authorisation of general education institutions

The term of authorisation of a general education institution authorised in compliance with the standards of authorisation of a general education institution which entered into force on 1 January 2023 shall be 9 years after obtaining the authorisation.

Law of Georgia No 3959 of 15 December 2023 – website, 25.12.2023

Article 63¹⁰ – An exception related to the age of admission to a primary educational level of general education in the 2024-2025 academic year

In the 2024-2025 academic year, a person shall be admitted to a primary educational level of general education at the age of 6, which a person has attained inclusive of the date of beginning of an academic year as provided for in Article 7¹(1) of this Law. In addition, a person who attains the age of 6 during the period from the day following the date of beginning of the academic year to 1 December, shall have the right to be admitted to a primary educational level of general education voluntarily, upon the decision of his/her parent.

Law of Georgia No 3959 of 15 December 2023 – website, 25.12.2023

Article 64 – Entry into force of this Law

This Law shall enter into force upon its promulgation.

President of Georgia                                                              M. Saakashvili

Tbilisi,

8 April 2005

No 1330 – I ს